Características poblacionales y estado de conservación de Psidium claraense (Myrtaceae), endemismo del área de arenas cuarcíticas de Casilda, Sancti Spíritus
Fecha
2018-06
Autores
Antunes Alfonso, Darianni
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias.Departamento de Biología
Resumen
Las comunidades de plantas que se desarrollan sobre sustratos arenoso cuarcíticos
constituyen centros importantes de diversidad y endemismo para la flora de Cuba. En la
localidad de Casilda, municipio de Trinidad, provincia de Sancti Spíritus, se presenta una
franja costera con estos tipos edáficos, que atesora importantes valores florísticos, para la
preservación de los cuales urge la realización de disímiles acciones investigativas, entre las
que sobresale el análisis autoecológico de especies significativas. Psidium claraense
(Myrtaceae) constituye una prioridad del trabajo conservacionista en la zona, por su dualidad
de endémica y amenazada. En el presente estudio se determinó la distribución puntual de la
especie, se caracterizó la estructura de la población en relación con las formaciones
vegetales donde se manifiesta, se inventarió la flora acompañante y se reevaluó su estado
de conservación. Las mediciones y observaciones de campo se realizaron en 62 parcelas de
25 m
2
, 35 en el matorral seminatural y 27 en la sabana seminatural. La población se
desarrolla en dos grupos de individuos al oeste del poblado de Casilda, su estructura se
encontró en desequilibrio debido a la escasa regeneración natural, causado probablemente
por las afectaciones que producen las actividades humanas en su hábitat. Estas
características se presentaron de forma semejante en ambas formaciones vegetales. Una
alta proporción del total de especies componentes de la sabana y el matorral seminaturales
mantienen una estrecha relación de coexistencia con Psidium claraense. Los resultados de
la investigación sustentan el mantenimiento de la especie en la categoría de En Peligro
Crítico.
Plant communities that grow on quarzitic sands sustrata constitute very important centers of diversity and endemism for the flora of Cuba. In the locality of Casilda, Trinidad municipality from Sancti Spíritus province, it is presented a coastal fringe with these edaphological characteristics, that stores important floristic value, for the preservation of which it urges the realization of dissimilar investigative actions, among those stands out the autoecological analysis of significant species. Psidium claraense (Myrtaceae) constitutes a priority of the conservationist work in the area, for its duality of endemic and threatened. In the present study the punctual distribution of the species was determined, the population's structure was characterized in relation with the vegetation types where the species grows, the accompanying flora was inventoried and its conservation state was re-evaluated. The field mensurations and observations were carried out in 62 plots of 25 m 2 , 35 in the seminatural scrubwood and 27 in the seminatural savanna. The population is developed in two groups of individuals to the west of the town of Casilda, its structure was found in imbalance due to the scarce natural regeneration, probably caused by the affectations that produce the human activities in its habitat; these characteristics were presented in a similar way in both vegetation types. A high proportion of the total component species of the savanna and scrubwood maintain a narrow coexistence relationship with Psidium claraense. The results of the investigation sustain the maintenance of the species in the category of Critically Endangered.
Plant communities that grow on quarzitic sands sustrata constitute very important centers of diversity and endemism for the flora of Cuba. In the locality of Casilda, Trinidad municipality from Sancti Spíritus province, it is presented a coastal fringe with these edaphological characteristics, that stores important floristic value, for the preservation of which it urges the realization of dissimilar investigative actions, among those stands out the autoecological analysis of significant species. Psidium claraense (Myrtaceae) constitutes a priority of the conservationist work in the area, for its duality of endemic and threatened. In the present study the punctual distribution of the species was determined, the population's structure was characterized in relation with the vegetation types where the species grows, the accompanying flora was inventoried and its conservation state was re-evaluated. The field mensurations and observations were carried out in 62 plots of 25 m 2 , 35 in the seminatural scrubwood and 27 in the seminatural savanna. The population is developed in two groups of individuals to the west of the town of Casilda, its structure was found in imbalance due to the scarce natural regeneration, probably caused by the affectations that produce the human activities in its habitat; these characteristics were presented in a similar way in both vegetation types. A high proportion of the total component species of the savanna and scrubwood maintain a narrow coexistence relationship with Psidium claraense. The results of the investigation sustain the maintenance of the species in the category of Critically Endangered.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Conservación Biológica, Especies Amenazadas, Estructura Poblacional, Biological Conservation, Population Structure, Threatened Species