Propuesta de tecnologías para la acetilación de almidón de yuca
Fecha
2018
Autores
Calafell Carrera, Daileny
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
El trabajo responde a la necesidad de contar con una planta de obtención de almidón acetilado en el país que constituye un avance técnico- industrial de gran impacto económico- social que contribuye a la sustitución de importaciones de este producto, ya que es utilizado como materia prima en varios procesos de la industria alimenticia, farmacéutica, textil, entre otras. Se proponen tecnologías para la obtención de almidón acetilado, basado en los fundamentos tecnológicos de la industrialización de la yuca para la obtención de productos destinados a consumo animal, humano e industrial. Se analizaron las condiciones de acetilación de almidón nativo y pregelatinizado y su cinética estudiada por varios autores. Se efectuó la adaptación de la tecnología de producción de almidón nativo a partir de raíces y se desarrollaron los procesos tecnológicos de acetilación del almidón nativo y gelatinizado. Se diseñaron los equipos para las etapas insertadas de gelatinización, acetilación y secado, a partir de los balances de materiales y energía realizados para cada variante. Se efectuó la evaluación técnico- económica de ambos procesos, determinando los costos totales de inversión y de producción y calculando los Indicadores Dinámicos de Rentabilidad. Se obtuvo que la variante de almidón acetilado alcanza resultados superiores a la de gelatinizado acetilado, obteniendo un VAN de $ 968 610,19, una TIR del 46% y un PRD de 2,4 años.
The realization of this project was carried out taking into account that having a acetylated starch production plant in the country would constitute a technical-industrial advance of great economic and social impact, since it would eliminate to a large extent the imports of this product, since it is used as raw material in several processes of the food industry, pharmaceutical, textile, among others. This work consists of the proposal of technologies to obtain acetylated starch, taking into account a referential theoretical framework based on the technological foundations of the industrialization of cassava for the production of products destined for animal, human and industrial consumption; The reaction conditions of native and pregelatinized starch acetylation and its kinetics studied by several authors were analyzed. The adaptation of the root treatment technology to the process of acetylation of the native and gelatinized starch was carried out, designing the equipment for the gelatinization, acetylation and drying stages of the gelatinized material from the material and energy balances carried out for each variant. Both processes were technically and economically evaluated, determining the total investment and production costs and calculating the Dynamic Profitability Indicators.
The realization of this project was carried out taking into account that having a acetylated starch production plant in the country would constitute a technical-industrial advance of great economic and social impact, since it would eliminate to a large extent the imports of this product, since it is used as raw material in several processes of the food industry, pharmaceutical, textile, among others. This work consists of the proposal of technologies to obtain acetylated starch, taking into account a referential theoretical framework based on the technological foundations of the industrialization of cassava for the production of products destined for animal, human and industrial consumption; The reaction conditions of native and pregelatinized starch acetylation and its kinetics studied by several authors were analyzed. The adaptation of the root treatment technology to the process of acetylation of the native and gelatinized starch was carried out, designing the equipment for the gelatinization, acetylation and drying stages of the gelatinized material from the material and energy balances carried out for each variant. Both processes were technically and economically evaluated, determining the total investment and production costs and calculating the Dynamic Profitability Indicators.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Almidón de Yuca, Almidones Modificados, Producción de Almidón