Integración energética en la UEB de Productos Lácteos de Santa Clara
Fecha
2018
Autores
Legarreta Cruz, Danay
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
A través de la gestión energética se detectan oportunidades de mejora en aspectos relacionados con la calidad y seguridad de muchos sistemas energéticos. Además de lograr que los beneficiarios conozcan el sistema, identifiquen los puntos consumidores, implanten mejoras, y alcancen altos niveles de eficiencia energética en los procesos. Por lo que en este trabajo se realizó una caracterización energética actual de la UEB de Productos Lácteos de Santa Clara, determinando indicadores de desempeño energético y las pérdidas de vapor y agua a partir de balances de masa y energía. Se realizó un análisis de la gestión energética en las condiciones actuales de operación de la empresa lo que mostró altas pérdidas de calor, baja eficiencia térmica por concepto de vertimiento de condensados, fugas de vapor y deficiente aislamiento térmico, lo que indica que existe un deficiente sistema de recuperación del calor. Con el propósito de disminuir estos efectos se propuso un sistema de recuperación de aguas, el cual fue evaluado a partir del análisis PINCH y permitió analizar el empleo de ciertas modificaciones que aportan un ahorro de 45 200 kJ/h de utilidades para el enfriamiento del proceso de producción de yogurt de soya con un costo de inversión de 1 989 159,87 $. A partir del análisis de rentabilidad se comprobó que la inversión de la tecnología de modificación propuesta es factible con un VAN de $5 903 857,81, una TIR de 58% y un PRD de 3 años.
Palabras claves: Gestión energética, pérdidas, utilidad, análisis pinch.
Through energy management, opportunities for improvement are detected in aspects related to the quality and safety of many energy systems. In addition to making the beneficiaries aware of the system, they identify the consumer points, implement improvements, and achieve high levels of energy efficiency in the processes. For this reason, in this work a current energy characterization of the UEB of Dairy Products of Santa Clara was carried out, determining energy performance indicators and steam and water losses from mass and energy balances. An analysis of energy management in the current operating conditions of the company was conducted, which showed high heat losses, low thermal efficiency due to condensate discharge, steam leakage and poor thermal insulation, indicating that there is a poor heat recovery system. In order to reduce these effects, a water recovery system was proposed, which was evaluated on the basis of the PINCH analysis and made it possible to analyze the use of certain modifications that provide a saving of 45,200 kJ/h of profits for cooling the soy yogurt production process with an investment cost of 1,989,159.87 $. Based on the profitability analysis, the proposed modification technology investment was found to be feasible with a NPV of $5,903,857.81, an IRR of 58% and a 3-year RIP. Keywords: Energy management, losses, utility, pinch analysis.
Through energy management, opportunities for improvement are detected in aspects related to the quality and safety of many energy systems. In addition to making the beneficiaries aware of the system, they identify the consumer points, implement improvements, and achieve high levels of energy efficiency in the processes. For this reason, in this work a current energy characterization of the UEB of Dairy Products of Santa Clara was carried out, determining energy performance indicators and steam and water losses from mass and energy balances. An analysis of energy management in the current operating conditions of the company was conducted, which showed high heat losses, low thermal efficiency due to condensate discharge, steam leakage and poor thermal insulation, indicating that there is a poor heat recovery system. In order to reduce these effects, a water recovery system was proposed, which was evaluated on the basis of the PINCH analysis and made it possible to analyze the use of certain modifications that provide a saving of 45,200 kJ/h of profits for cooling the soy yogurt production process with an investment cost of 1,989,159.87 $. Based on the profitability analysis, the proposed modification technology investment was found to be feasible with a NPV of $5,903,857.81, an IRR of 58% and a 3-year RIP. Keywords: Energy management, losses, utility, pinch analysis.
Descripción
Palabras clave
UEB de Productos Lácteos, Villa Clara, Gestión Energética, Análisis Pinch, Eficiencia Energética