Modificaciones tecnológicas en la Refinería “Sergio Soto” para aumentar la producción de líquido asfáltico (AC-30)
Fecha
2018
Autores
Martínez García, Liset
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
En el trabajo se realiza la evaluación del equipamiento instalado en la Refinería “Sergio Soto” de Cabaiguán, para analizar si el sistema es capaz de producir la cantidad de líquido asfáltico demandada al proceso; ya que se instalará una torre de destilación atmosférica de mayor capacidad, refinándose diariamente 1 000 toneladas de crudo pesado. Se realiza el rechequeo de los equipos de las plantas de destilación atmosférica y al vacío, que incluyen 8 intercambiadores de calor conectados en serie, 3 condensadores, 7 enfriadores y 2 hornos. Como resultado se obtuvo que la mayoría de estos pueden asimilar la nueva capacidad de producción, excepto el enfriador de diésel que tiene un por ciento de área en defecto de 3,94, lo que no permite su utilización para el aumento de capacidad. Por lo anterior, se proponen modificaciones en la distribución de los fluidos en el banco de intercambio de calor y en los enfriadores aprovechando la tecnología instalada ya que el área de transferencia de calor en los equipos es variable y así no incurrir en mayores gastos por la compra e instalación de equipamientos nuevos. Los resultados obtenidos en el rechequeo de las modificaciones propuestas garantizan la eficiencia ante el aumento de producción ya que, al redistribuir los fluidos, todos los equipos cumplen con un por ciento de área en exceso superior al 10%. Se realiza un análisis económico de las inversiones propuestas reportando un costo de $260519,67; el cual significa el 3,41 por ciento de las utilidades anuales previstas, lo que muestra la factibilidad económica de las modificaciones propuestas.
In the work, the equipment installed in the "Sergio Soto" Refinery in Cabaiguán is evaluated to analyze if the system is capable of producing the quantity of asphaltic liquid demanded from the process; since an atmospheric distillation tower of greater capacity will be installed, refining 1 000 tons of heavy crude daily. The rechecking of the equipment of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation plants is carried out, which includes 8 heat exchangers connected in series, 3 condensers, 7 coolers and 2 furnaces. As a result, it was obtained that most of these can assimilate the new production capacity, except the diesel cooler that has a percent of defect area of 3,94; which does not allow its use for capacity increase. Therefore, modifications are proposed in the distribution of fluids in the heat exchange network and in the coolers taking advantage of the installed technology since the area of heat transfer in the equipment is variable and thus not incur in greater expenses for the purchase and installation of new equipment. The results obtained in the rechecking of the proposed modifications guarantee the efficiency before the increase of production since, when redistributing the fluids, all the equipment fulfill with a percent of area in excess superior to 10%. An economic analysis of the proposed investments is carried out reporting a cost of $ 260 519,67; which means 3,41 percent of the annual expected profits, which shows the economic feasibility of the proposed modifications.
In the work, the equipment installed in the "Sergio Soto" Refinery in Cabaiguán is evaluated to analyze if the system is capable of producing the quantity of asphaltic liquid demanded from the process; since an atmospheric distillation tower of greater capacity will be installed, refining 1 000 tons of heavy crude daily. The rechecking of the equipment of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation plants is carried out, which includes 8 heat exchangers connected in series, 3 condensers, 7 coolers and 2 furnaces. As a result, it was obtained that most of these can assimilate the new production capacity, except the diesel cooler that has a percent of defect area of 3,94; which does not allow its use for capacity increase. Therefore, modifications are proposed in the distribution of fluids in the heat exchange network and in the coolers taking advantage of the installed technology since the area of heat transfer in the equipment is variable and thus not incur in greater expenses for the purchase and installation of new equipment. The results obtained in the rechecking of the proposed modifications guarantee the efficiency before the increase of production since, when redistributing the fluids, all the equipment fulfill with a percent of area in excess superior to 10%. An economic analysis of the proposed investments is carried out reporting a cost of $ 260 519,67; which means 3,41 percent of the annual expected profits, which shows the economic feasibility of the proposed modifications.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Industria del Petróleo, Refinería “Sergio Soto”, Sancti Spíritus, Procesos Químicos