Evaluación de la durabilidad de especímenes de hormigón con áridos reciclados encapsulados. Carbonatación y Porosidad
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Fecha
2018-06
Autores
Abreu Báez, Evelyn Milagros
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Ingeniería Civil.
Resumen
Reciclar se ha convertido en la palabra de orden en los últimos años y el sector de la construcción no queda exento. Es por esto que son cada vez más los países en sumarse al reciclaje de los residuos de construcción y demolición. En primer lugar el empleo de áridos reciclados supone evitar la extracción de recursos no renovables, impidiendo la degradación de entornos producto de los trabajos de minería. Además permite reducir la cantidad de residuos eliminados en vertederos. Sin embargo el empleo de estos residuos para la producción de hormigones tiende a crear afectaciones en la durabilidad. La porosidad, la permeabilidad, la absorción y la carbonatación son algunos de los factores que comprometen el comportamiento de las estructuras con el paso del tiempo. En el presente trabajo se evalúa el comportamiento de hormigones elaborados con 100% de áridos naturales y 100% de áridos reciclados con respecto a hormigones producidos con áridos reciclados sometidos a un proceso de encapsulación de la fracción 5-9 mm con PZ, todos amasados con cemento P35. Los elementos fueron elaborados en 2016 y 2017 y colocados en diferentes sitios de exposición. Luego de 9 y 17 meses respectivamente, fueron extraídos en formas cilíndricas de 100 mm de diámetro. Posterior a la realización de ensayos, se observa que en todos los casos los elementos elaborados con áridos naturales tienen mejor comportamiento que los hormigones con áridos reciclados; aunque los resultados obtenidos para áridos reciclados encapsulados presentan mejoras y valores cercanos a los hormigones convencionales, haciendo de la encapsulación una alternativa viable para el uso de áridos reciclados.
Recycling has become the word of order in recent years and the construction sector is not exempt. This is why more and more countries join in the recycling of construction and demolition waste. In the first place, the use of recycled aggregates avoids the extraction of non-renewable resources, preventing the degradation of the product environments of the mining works. It also allows reducing the amount of waste disposed in landfills. However, the use of this waste for the production of concrete tends to create impairments in durability. Porosity, permeability, absorption and carbonation are some of the factors that compromise the behavior of structures over time. In the present work the behavior of concretes made with 100% of natural aggregates and 100% of recycled aggregates with respect to concretes produced with 100% recycled aggregates where the fraction of 5-9 mm is encapsulated with Pozzolan Cement(PZ). All concretes were produced with ordinary portland cement P35. The elements were elaborated in 2016 and 2017 and placed in different exposure sites. After 9 and 17 months respectively, cores of 100 mm diameter were extracted from the exposed elements. Test results show a better durability behavior in all cases for the elements elaborated with natural aggregates; results obtained for concrtetes with the encapsulated fraction of recycled aggregates present improvements and values close to conventional concretes, making the encapsulation to a viable alternative for the use of recycled aggregates in concrete
Recycling has become the word of order in recent years and the construction sector is not exempt. This is why more and more countries join in the recycling of construction and demolition waste. In the first place, the use of recycled aggregates avoids the extraction of non-renewable resources, preventing the degradation of the product environments of the mining works. It also allows reducing the amount of waste disposed in landfills. However, the use of this waste for the production of concrete tends to create impairments in durability. Porosity, permeability, absorption and carbonation are some of the factors that compromise the behavior of structures over time. In the present work the behavior of concretes made with 100% of natural aggregates and 100% of recycled aggregates with respect to concretes produced with 100% recycled aggregates where the fraction of 5-9 mm is encapsulated with Pozzolan Cement(PZ). All concretes were produced with ordinary portland cement P35. The elements were elaborated in 2016 and 2017 and placed in different exposure sites. After 9 and 17 months respectively, cores of 100 mm diameter were extracted from the exposed elements. Test results show a better durability behavior in all cases for the elements elaborated with natural aggregates; results obtained for concrtetes with the encapsulated fraction of recycled aggregates present improvements and values close to conventional concretes, making the encapsulation to a viable alternative for the use of recycled aggregates in concrete
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Palabras clave
Arido reciclado, Arido encapsulado, Durabilidad, Permeabilidad, Absorción, Carbonatación, Recycled aggregates, Encapsulated aggregates, Durability, Permeability, Absorption, Carbonation