Estudio de la reformación autotérmica del bioetanol para la obtención de hidrógeno.
Archivos
Fecha
2006-06-25
Autores
Zardón González, Ailen
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Cetral "Marta Abreu " de Las Villas
Resumen
En el trabajo de investigación se realiza un análisis del proceso de reformación
autotérmica del bioetanol para la producción de hidrógeno (empleando catalizador de
Níquel/Alúmina), para utilizar este en la generación de electricidad a través de celdas
combustibles. Primeramente se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica donde se realizó
un estudio de los aspectos más relevantes como son: tecnologías de reformación,
catálisis heterogénea, diseño de reactores químicos, entre otros.
Posteriormente se acometieron estudios acerca del comportamiento termodinámico de
los fenómenos químicos presentes en la reformación y se determinó el ajuste de la
cinética del proceso, utilizando datos experimentales obtenidos de la literatura [Fierro,
V., et al., 2005]. Este ajuste conllevó a un procedimiento que fue implementado en el
software profesional PSI, mediante el cual se analizó el comportamiento del proceso
para un rango considerable de temperatura, y se lograron resultados que posibilitaron
el diseño del reformador.
Por último se diseñan los equipos fundamentales para el proceso de obtención de
hidrógeno (tanque de mezclado, vaporizador, calentadores y reformador) y sus
metodologías de cálculo fueron implementadas en software como Excel y PSI.
Finalmente se plantean las conclusiones según el análisis de los resultados y se
brindan las recomendaciones correspondientes.
In the work of investigation an analysis of the process of bio-ethanol auto-thermal reforming for hydrogen production is made (using Nickel/Alumina as catalyst), to use this in fuel cells for electric generation. Firstly a bibliographical revision was carried out where a study of the most important aspects was made as they are: reforming technologies, heterogeneous catalysis, and chemical reactors design, among others. Later studies were undertaken about the thermodynamic behavior of the present chemical phenomena in the reforming and the adjustment of kinetic of the process, using experimental data obtained in literature was determined [Fierro, V., et al., 2005]. This adjustment entailed to a procedure that was implemented in the professional software PSI, by means of which the behavior of the process for a considerable rank of temperature was analyzed, and results were obtained that made possible the reformer design. Finally the fundamental equipment for the process of hydrogen obtaining is designed (mixed tank, vaporizer, heaters and reformer) and their methodologies of calculation were implemented in software like Excel and PSI. Finally the conclusions consider according to the analysis of the results and the corresponding recommendations offered.
In the work of investigation an analysis of the process of bio-ethanol auto-thermal reforming for hydrogen production is made (using Nickel/Alumina as catalyst), to use this in fuel cells for electric generation. Firstly a bibliographical revision was carried out where a study of the most important aspects was made as they are: reforming technologies, heterogeneous catalysis, and chemical reactors design, among others. Later studies were undertaken about the thermodynamic behavior of the present chemical phenomena in the reforming and the adjustment of kinetic of the process, using experimental data obtained in literature was determined [Fierro, V., et al., 2005]. This adjustment entailed to a procedure that was implemented in the professional software PSI, by means of which the behavior of the process for a considerable rank of temperature was analyzed, and results were obtained that made possible the reformer design. Finally the fundamental equipment for the process of hydrogen obtaining is designed (mixed tank, vaporizer, heaters and reformer) and their methodologies of calculation were implemented in software like Excel and PSI. Finally the conclusions consider according to the analysis of the results and the corresponding recommendations offered.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Hidrógeno, Bioetanol, Diseño de Reactores Químicos, Catálisis, Catalysis