Metodología para la evaluación del impacto en la calidad del aire aplicado a un proceso de generación distribuida
Fecha
2008-06-25
Autores
Suarez Campos, Yailín
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Editor
Universidad Cetral "Marta Abreu " de Las Villas
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se realiza un estudio de la problemática ambiental del
proceso de generación distribuida de electricidad de los Grupos Electrógenos de
la Subplanta con el fin de diagnosticar la calidad del aire en la zona. Para ello se
realizó un estudio del estado del arte relacionado con la generación de
electricidad y su relación con la contaminación atmosférica; así como la
evaluación experimental de la emisión e inmisión de contaminantes gaseosos.
También se hace un estudio del ruido en interiores y exteriores de la planta y se
evalúan los indicadores de impacto ambiental contemplados en la categoría de
cambio climático del Eco-indicador 99.
Además se realizó la modelación de la dispersión de los contaminantes
mediante el software MDNC elaborado en este trabajo por la metodología de la
Norma Cubana 39: 1999 y por el software internacional ISCST3. Los resultados
avalan las metodologías aplicadas para el diagnóstico de la calidad del aire y se
evidencia que existen factores impactantes por emisiones de NOX, CH4, y ruido
en el área de trabajo y de concentraciones de NOX en la zona estudiada
obteniéndose resultados que exceden los límites permisibles por las normas.
The present work is carried out a study of environmental problems in the process of electricity distributed generation from the Subplanta electric generators in order to diagnose the air quality in this area. The study of art state in relation to electric generation and its relation with the atmospheric pollution was performed, as well as the experimental evaluation of the emission and immission of gaseous pollutants. A study of noise in outdoors and indoors was made, and the environmental impact indicators listed in the category of climate change indicator of Eco-99 were evaluated. In addition the dispersion modeling of these pollutants was made through MDNC software developed in this work by the methodology of NC 39: 1999 and by the ISCST3 international software. The results support the methodologies used for diagnosis of air quality and the evidence show that there are shocking factors in NOX and CH4 emissions, noise in the area under study and NOX concentrations on the zone studied obtaining results that exceed the standard limits in Cuba.
The present work is carried out a study of environmental problems in the process of electricity distributed generation from the Subplanta electric generators in order to diagnose the air quality in this area. The study of art state in relation to electric generation and its relation with the atmospheric pollution was performed, as well as the experimental evaluation of the emission and immission of gaseous pollutants. A study of noise in outdoors and indoors was made, and the environmental impact indicators listed in the category of climate change indicator of Eco-99 were evaluated. In addition the dispersion modeling of these pollutants was made through MDNC software developed in this work by the methodology of NC 39: 1999 and by the ISCST3 international software. The results support the methodologies used for diagnosis of air quality and the evidence show that there are shocking factors in NOX and CH4 emissions, noise in the area under study and NOX concentrations on the zone studied obtaining results that exceed the standard limits in Cuba.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Grupos Electrógenos, Calidad del Aire, Impacto Ambiental, Contaminación Atmosférica, Norma Cubana 39:1999