Caracterización de la comunidad de aves del bosque siempreverde micrófilo de Cayo Santa María,Cuba, en los períodos de residencia de verano del 2017 y 2018 y residencia invernal del 2019
Fecha
2019-06
Autores
Garrido González, Luis Miguel
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu " de Las Villas
Resumen
El desarrollo del turismo en el Archipiélago de Sabana-Camagüey amenaza a las comunidades ecológicas que en él se encuentran, especialmente a las aves de bosque. La fragmentación y destrucción de los ecosistemas boscosos en cayo Santa María afectan gran cantidad de aves que necesitan estos hábitats para su supervivencia. Se caracterizó la comunidad de aves del bosque siempreverde micrófilo (BSV) de cayo Santa María durante las temporadas de residencia de verano del 2017 y 2018 y residencia invernal del 2019. Para ello se utilizaron conteos en parcelas circulares de radio fijo, resultando un total de 32 especies, siendo mayoría las residentes permanentes. La riqueza (S) de la comunidad durante la residencia invernal está influenciada por la poca área de BSV del cayo. El factor que más afectó la S en el 2018 fue el paso del huracán Irma por la zona. La comparación entre los períodos de residencia de verano, resultó que Zenaida macroura incrementó su abundancia de 0,46 ind/conteo a 1,39 ind/conteo. La variación estacional entre el período de residencia de verano y residencia invernal arrojó que Vireo gundlachii aumentó su abundancia de 0,46 ind/conteo a 2,39 ind/conteo. Además, se analizó la influencia de la estructura de la vegetación del BSV en la abundancia de las aves. La variable árboles de clase diamétrica A y densidad del follaje a la altura f3 se correlacionaron positivamente con la abundancia de V. gundlachii y Setophaga caerulescens respectivamente. Los árboles clase C se correlacionaron negativamente con la abundancia de Quiscalus niger.
To urism development in Sabana - Camagüey archipelago threats natural communities that characterizes each key of this archipelago, especially forest birds. Forest ecosystems fragmentation and destruction in Santa Maria key thread many bird species that need the se habitats for their survival. The forest bird community in the evergreen forest (EGF) of Santa Maria key during summer residence season in 2017 and 2018 and winter residence season in 2019 was characterized. Circular plots counts method was used to evalu ate richness and abundance of bird species, for 32 species in total, representing year - round species majority. The small area of the EGF influences the community ́s richness (S) during winter residence season. Hurricane Irma was the most important factor af fecting S in 2018. Comparing how this bird community changes between summer residence periods, is notable the abundance increase of Zenaida macroura from 0,46 ind/count to 1,39 ind/count. Likewise, seasonal changes between summer and winter residence were represented by Vireo gundlachii who increased its abundance in response from 0,46 ind/count to 2,39 ind/count. In addition, it has been analyzed how the vegetation structure influences the abundance of the forest bird community resulting that both class A trees and foliage density at J3 height positively correlates with the abundance of V. gundlachii and Setophaga caerulescens respectively. Also, class C trees negatively correlates with abundance of Quiscalus niger .
To urism development in Sabana - Camagüey archipelago threats natural communities that characterizes each key of this archipelago, especially forest birds. Forest ecosystems fragmentation and destruction in Santa Maria key thread many bird species that need the se habitats for their survival. The forest bird community in the evergreen forest (EGF) of Santa Maria key during summer residence season in 2017 and 2018 and winter residence season in 2019 was characterized. Circular plots counts method was used to evalu ate richness and abundance of bird species, for 32 species in total, representing year - round species majority. The small area of the EGF influences the community ́s richness (S) during winter residence season. Hurricane Irma was the most important factor af fecting S in 2018. Comparing how this bird community changes between summer residence periods, is notable the abundance increase of Zenaida macroura from 0,46 ind/count to 1,39 ind/count. Likewise, seasonal changes between summer and winter residence were represented by Vireo gundlachii who increased its abundance in response from 0,46 ind/count to 2,39 ind/count. In addition, it has been analyzed how the vegetation structure influences the abundance of the forest bird community resulting that both class A trees and foliage density at J3 height positively correlates with the abundance of V. gundlachii and Setophaga caerulescens respectively. Also, class C trees negatively correlates with abundance of Quiscalus niger .
Descripción
Palabras clave
Turismo, Aves, Comunidades Ecológicas, Ecosistemas Boscosos