Bioproducto a base de Bacillus pumilus CCIBP - C5 para el control de Pseudocercospora fijiensis
Fecha
2019-06
Autores
Rocha Rodríguez, Ernesto Javier
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu " de Las Villas
Resumen
La Sigatoka negra, causada por
Pseudocercospora
fijiensis,
es una enfermedad foliar que
afecta seriamente a los bananos y plátanos. Sin embrago en Cuba no se utilizan
estrategias de control biológico de esta enfermedad. En estudios previos se obtuvo un
bioproducto de la cepa
Bacillus pumilus
CCIBP-C5 donde se empleó el filtrado de cultivo
(FC) obtenido en medio de cultivo Caldo Nutriente (CN) con efecto sobre
P. fijiensis
y la
enfermedad. Sin embargo el desarrollo comercial de este bioproducto está limitado entre
otros aspectos por el costo y la disponibilidad del sustrato empleado para el cultivo del
microorganismo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue optimizar a escala de laboratorio la
elaboración de un bioproducto a base de esta cepa con el empleo de subproductos
industriales. Para esto se estudió el efecto de dos medios de cultivo elaborados a base
melaza, quitina y soya, en el crecimiento y la actividad antifúngica de esta cepa en
relación con CN. El crecimiento en ambos medios de cultivo fue similar o superior al
medio de cultivo control, pero el FC obtenido en Caldo Soya-Quitina a las 72 h fue el que
mostró mayor actividad antifúngica. En este FC se observó un incremento en la
producción de proteínas totales y una mayor actividad quitinasa, así como afectaciones al
micelio de
P. fijiensis
. Como parte de este trabajo se obtuvo un bioproducto consistente
en el FC libre de células a partir de un cultivo de
B. pumilus
CCIBP-C5 con 72 h de
incubación en Caldo Soya-Quitina.
Black Sigatoka caused by the ascomycete Pseudocercospora fijiensis is the most devastating foliar disease that affects bananas and plantains. However, in Cuba, biological control strategies for this disease are not used. In previous studies a bioproduct was obtained from the strain Bacillus pumilus CCIBP-C5 where the culture filtrate (FC) in Nutrient broth (CN) culture medium had effect on P. fijiensis and the disease. However, the commercial development of this bioproduct is limited among other aspects by the cost and availability of the substrate used for the cultivation of the microorganism. The objective of this work was to optimize on a laboratory scale the development of a bioproduct based on this strain with the use of industrial byproducts. For this, the effect of two culture media elaborated based on molasses, chitin and soybeans was studied in the growth and antifungal activity of this strain in relation to CN. The growth in both culture media was similar or superior to the control culture medium, but the FC obtained in Soy- Chitin Broth at 72 h was the one that showed the highest antifungal activity. In this FC an increase in the production of total proteins was observed and a greater chitinase activity, as well as affectations to P. fijiensis mycelium. As part of this work, a bioproduct consisting of cell-free FC was obtained from a culture of B. pumilus CCIBP-C5 with 72 h of incubation in Soy-Chitin Broth
Black Sigatoka caused by the ascomycete Pseudocercospora fijiensis is the most devastating foliar disease that affects bananas and plantains. However, in Cuba, biological control strategies for this disease are not used. In previous studies a bioproduct was obtained from the strain Bacillus pumilus CCIBP-C5 where the culture filtrate (FC) in Nutrient broth (CN) culture medium had effect on P. fijiensis and the disease. However, the commercial development of this bioproduct is limited among other aspects by the cost and availability of the substrate used for the cultivation of the microorganism. The objective of this work was to optimize on a laboratory scale the development of a bioproduct based on this strain with the use of industrial byproducts. For this, the effect of two culture media elaborated based on molasses, chitin and soybeans was studied in the growth and antifungal activity of this strain in relation to CN. The growth in both culture media was similar or superior to the control culture medium, but the FC obtained in Soy- Chitin Broth at 72 h was the one that showed the highest antifungal activity. In this FC an increase in the production of total proteins was observed and a greater chitinase activity, as well as affectations to P. fijiensis mycelium. As part of this work, a bioproduct consisting of cell-free FC was obtained from a culture of B. pumilus CCIBP-C5 with 72 h of incubation in Soy-Chitin Broth
Descripción
Palabras clave
Biocontrol, Medios de Cultivo, Quitina, Sigatoka Negra, Soya, Biocontrol, Black Sigatoka, Culture Media, Chitin, Soy