Estructura trófica de organismos de interés pesquero en bahía de Cienfuegos
Fecha
2019-06
Autores
Carballo Rosado, Liana Beatriz
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu " de Las Villas
Resumen
En la localidad de Cienfuegos el principal recurso natural es la bahía. En sus márgenes se
realizan actividades que en mayor o menor grado influyen en la calidad ambiental del
ecosistema.
Una vía para entender la magnitud de estas afectaciones es mediante el
estudio de la estructura trófica de organismos que ahí habitan. Sin embargo, no existen
estudios antecedentes sobre la estructura y niveles tróficos en la bahía, principalmente de
aquel
los organismos de interés pesquero. Este vacío de conocimiento, se asumió como
problema científico para desarrollar la presente investigación, tomando como objetivo
caracterizar la estructura trófica de estos organismos. Con este fin, se muestrearon
organi
smos marinos de interés pesquero en cinco estaciones de la bahía, a los cuales se
les realizaron análisis isotópicos de carbono y nitrógeno, para determinar su posición en la
estructura trófica. Los resultados evidencian que los moluscos, crustáceos y pece
s tuvieron
valores de
δ
13
C de
-
18,75 ‰,
-
16,42 ‰ y
-
16,23 ‰, y valores de
δ
15
N de 8,90 ‰, 10,33 ‰
y 12,52 ‰ respectivamente. Se determinó que el nivel trófico base está constituido por una
mezcla de pastos marinos, macroalgas y seston cuyo valor promedio d
e
δ
15
N
base
es 6,26
‰. Se determinaron tres niveles tróficos de los organismos consumidores: consumidores
primarios con nivel trófico entre 1,66 y 1,87; consumidores secundarios con valores entre
2,22 y 2.98;
consumidores terciarios con valores entre 3,00 y 3,38. Con esto se realizó un
diagrama de la estructura trófica de estos organismos donde se evidencia la complejidad
del ecosistema.
In the province of Cienfuegos, the main natural resource is the bay. In its margins, activities are carried out that, to a greater or lesser degree, influenc e the environmental quality of the ecosystem. One way to understand the magnitude of these affectations is through the study of the trophic structure of organisms that live there. However, there are no previous studies on the structure and trophic levels i n the bay, mainly of those organisms of fishing interest. This knowledge gap was assumed as a scientific problem to develop the present investigation, with the objective of characterizing the trophic structure of these organisms. To this end, marine organi sms of fishing interest were sampled in five bay stations, to which carbon and nitrogen isotopic analyzes were carried out to determine their position in the trophic structure. The results show that mollusks, crustaceans and fish had values of δ 13 C of - 18.75 ‰, - 16.42 ‰ and - 16.23 ‰, and values of δ 15 N of 8.90 ‰, 10.33 ‰ and 12, 52 ‰ respectively. It was determined that the base trophic level is constituted by a mixture of marine grasses, macroalgae and seston whose average value of δ15Nbase is 6.26 ‰ . Three trophic levels of consuming organisms were determined: primary consumers with trophic level between 1.66 and 1.87; secondary consumers with values between 2.22 and 2.98; tertiary consumers with values between 3.00 and 3.38. With this a diagram was made of the trophic structure of these organisms where the complexity of the ecosystem is evident.
In the province of Cienfuegos, the main natural resource is the bay. In its margins, activities are carried out that, to a greater or lesser degree, influenc e the environmental quality of the ecosystem. One way to understand the magnitude of these affectations is through the study of the trophic structure of organisms that live there. However, there are no previous studies on the structure and trophic levels i n the bay, mainly of those organisms of fishing interest. This knowledge gap was assumed as a scientific problem to develop the present investigation, with the objective of characterizing the trophic structure of these organisms. To this end, marine organi sms of fishing interest were sampled in five bay stations, to which carbon and nitrogen isotopic analyzes were carried out to determine their position in the trophic structure. The results show that mollusks, crustaceans and fish had values of δ 13 C of - 18.75 ‰, - 16.42 ‰ and - 16.23 ‰, and values of δ 15 N of 8.90 ‰, 10.33 ‰ and 12, 52 ‰ respectively. It was determined that the base trophic level is constituted by a mixture of marine grasses, macroalgae and seston whose average value of δ15Nbase is 6.26 ‰ . Three trophic levels of consuming organisms were determined: primary consumers with trophic level between 1.66 and 1.87; secondary consumers with values between 2.22 and 2.98; tertiary consumers with values between 3.00 and 3.38. With this a diagram was made of the trophic structure of these organisms where the complexity of the ecosystem is evident.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Isótopos Estables, Nivel Trófico, Moluscos, Crustáceos, Peces, Stable Isotopes, Trophic Level, Mollusks, Crustaceans, Fish .