Evaluación de la factibilidad de la aplicación del CENTERFOOD XL para mejorar la calidad del sistema de tratamiento de agua residual en la UEB “Desembarco del Granma”
Fecha
2019
Autores
González Cortés, Elizabeth
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Editor
Universidad Central ``Marta Abreu`` de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
El incremento de las aguas residuales constituye un grave problema mundial, sobre todo cuando se trata de la Industria Textil. Se hace indispensable promover la búsqueda de alternativas encaminadas a la disminución de este recurso. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo evaluar la factibilidad de la aplicación del CENTERFOOD XL (nutriente biológico) para mejorar la calidad del sistema de tratamiento de agua residual en la UEB “Desembarco del Granma”. Se cuantificó, a través de la realización de balances de masa, los principales consumos de las sustancias que intervienen en los diferentes procesos de la Planta de acabado, donde el agua necesaria es de 0,1083 m3/m2 de tela. Mediante la aplicación del programa SimaPro Versión 9.0.0.35, se determinaron los principales impactos ambientales donde resalta la influencia de los procesos sobre la salud humana como categoría de daño. La huella de agua calculada es de 42,9 m3/m2 de tela procesada y la huella de CO2eq es de 0,28 kg/m2 de tejido. Se corroboró la factibilidad del uso del CENTERFOOD XL como nutriente del sistema de lodos activados de la planta de tratamiento de la UEB “Desembarco del Granma”, ya que se incrementa el valor de los sólidos suspendidos volátiles. Se requiere de un sistema auxiliar para la adición de los nutrientes el cual posee un costo de inversión de $51253,58. Si el sistema de tratamiento no recibe nuevos efluentes se requiere suministrar una cantidad de 1200,19 kg de CENTERFOOD XL una vez por semana, para un costo de 3360,54 CUC
The increase in wastewater is a serious global problem, especially when it comes to the Textile Industry. It is essential to promote the search for alternatives aimed at reducing this resource. The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of the application of CENTERFOOD XL (biological nutrient) to improve the quality of the wastewater treatment system in the UEB "Desembarco del Granma". It was quantified, through the realization of mass balances, the main consumptions of the substances that intervene in the different processes of the Finishing Plant, where the necessary water is 0,1083 m3/m2 of cloth. Through the application of the program SimaPro Version 9.0.0.35, the main environmental impacts were determined, highlighting the influence of processes on human health as a category of damage. The calculated water footprint is 42,9 m3/m2 of processed fabric and the CO2eq footprint is 0,28 kg /m2 of fabric. The feasibility of the use of CENTERFOOD XL as a nutrient of the activated sludge system of the treatment plant of the UEB "Desembarco del Granma" was corroborated, since the value of suspended volatile solids is increased. It requires an auxiliary system for the addition of nutrients which has an investment cost of $ 51253,58. If the treatment system does not receive new effluents, it is required to supply an amount of 1200,19 kg of CENTERFOOD XL once a week, for a cost of 3360,54 CUC
The increase in wastewater is a serious global problem, especially when it comes to the Textile Industry. It is essential to promote the search for alternatives aimed at reducing this resource. The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of the application of CENTERFOOD XL (biological nutrient) to improve the quality of the wastewater treatment system in the UEB "Desembarco del Granma". It was quantified, through the realization of mass balances, the main consumptions of the substances that intervene in the different processes of the Finishing Plant, where the necessary water is 0,1083 m3/m2 of cloth. Through the application of the program SimaPro Version 9.0.0.35, the main environmental impacts were determined, highlighting the influence of processes on human health as a category of damage. The calculated water footprint is 42,9 m3/m2 of processed fabric and the CO2eq footprint is 0,28 kg /m2 of fabric. The feasibility of the use of CENTERFOOD XL as a nutrient of the activated sludge system of the treatment plant of the UEB "Desembarco del Granma" was corroborated, since the value of suspended volatile solids is increased. It requires an auxiliary system for the addition of nutrients which has an investment cost of $ 51253,58. If the treatment system does not receive new effluents, it is required to supply an amount of 1200,19 kg of CENTERFOOD XL once a week, for a cost of 3360,54 CUC
Descripción
Palabras clave
Aguas Residuales, Tratamiento de Agua, Factibilidad, CENTERFOOD XL (nutriente biológico), UEB “Desembarco del Granma”