Aplicación de un Programa Psicoeducativo para disminuir las manifestaciones de violencia en las relaciones interpersonales de los estudiantes del IPU “Nieves Morejón López"
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Fecha
2013-07-06
Autores
Rodríguez Bada, Marcia
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
La presente investigación se realizó en el IPU “Nieves Morejón López” del municipio de Cabaiguán, con el objetivo de evaluar la efectividad del programa psicoeducativo implementado para disminuir las manifestaciones de violencia en las relaciones interpersonales de los estudiantes de los grupos 11no3 y 11no5 de dicho centro. En correspondencia con el enfoque mixto de investigación asumido y un diseño cuasi-experimental, se realizó una comparación antes-después de implementado el programa, así como, una evaluación general del proceso.
Se constató la presencia de manifestaciones de violencia de diversos tipos en los intercambios de los estudiantes, predominando la violencia psicológica seguida de la física; así como, dificultades en la comunicación, falta de crítica, naturalización y por ende escasa disposición para el cambio.
Con la aplicación del programa se logró una disminución en la expresión del fenómeno de la violencia; tanto en cantidad de manifestaciones como en su frecuencia. Además, se evidenció incorporación a la vida cotidiana de los contenidos abordados durante el proceso, en cuanto al empleo de alternativas no violentas en la solución de conflictos y toma de decisiones; mayor criticidad sobre los efectos nocivos del empleo de la violencia y reflexión personal sobre el fenómeno por parte de los estudiantes; corroborándose la efectividad del Programa Psicoeducativo aplicado en ambos grupos.
Finalmente se ofrecen conclusiones y recomendaciones que orientan estudios futuros.
The current investigation was carried out in “IPU: Nieves Morejon Lopez” from Cabaiguan, with the main goal to evaluate the effectivity of psychological- educative program implemented to decrease the manifestations of violence in interpersonal relations of all students who belong to the groups 11th # 3 and 11th #5 from this center. According to the mixed focus of investigation assumed and a cause-experimental design, it was carried a comparison before and after the implantation of this program and a general evaluation of process. It concreted the presence of violence manifestations of several types in students interchanges, prevailing psychological violence, followed by physical violence, besides, difficulties in communication, criticism absence, neutralization and by it, lack disposition for change. With the application of this program it was reached a decrease on expression of violence phenomenon, in quantity of manifestations and its frequency. Besides it evidenced incorporation to daily life of all contents dealt during the process; related to non- violent alternatives uses on the solution of conflicts and making decisions; major criticism about damaging effects of the use of violence and personal reflection about the phenomenon by taking part of the students, verifying the effectivity of Psychological-Educative Program applied in both groups. Finally conclusions and recommendations are offered for further studies.
The current investigation was carried out in “IPU: Nieves Morejon Lopez” from Cabaiguan, with the main goal to evaluate the effectivity of psychological- educative program implemented to decrease the manifestations of violence in interpersonal relations of all students who belong to the groups 11th # 3 and 11th #5 from this center. According to the mixed focus of investigation assumed and a cause-experimental design, it was carried a comparison before and after the implantation of this program and a general evaluation of process. It concreted the presence of violence manifestations of several types in students interchanges, prevailing psychological violence, followed by physical violence, besides, difficulties in communication, criticism absence, neutralization and by it, lack disposition for change. With the application of this program it was reached a decrease on expression of violence phenomenon, in quantity of manifestations and its frequency. Besides it evidenced incorporation to daily life of all contents dealt during the process; related to non- violent alternatives uses on the solution of conflicts and making decisions; major criticism about damaging effects of the use of violence and personal reflection about the phenomenon by taking part of the students, verifying the effectivity of Psychological-Educative Program applied in both groups. Finally conclusions and recommendations are offered for further studies.
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Palabras clave
Violencia Interpersonal, Adolescencia, Programas Psicoeducativos, Interpersonal Violence, Adolescence, Psychological Educative Program