Diseño del proceso de reformación de bioetanol para la obtención de H2, con catalizador de NI/AL2O3
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Fecha
2005-07-25
Autores
Santos Rodríguez, Alexander
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
El presente proyecto está encaminado a realizar un estudio de las características teóricas y técnicas de la etapa de reformación de Bioetanol, con fines de obtener Gas de Síntesis para la generación de 200 kW de potencia a través de celdas combustibles.
En el mismo se analiza el estado actual del conocimiento referente al tema, con el fin de obtener el basamento teórico necesario para llevar a cabo la selección y diseño de la variante de reformación adecuada (reformación por vapor). Se destacan los principales catalizadores empleados en la etapa seleccionada y se definen las condiciones de operación para la misma [Ni/Al2O3, 450<T (ºC) <600, 3<RAE<6].
Todos los equipos auxiliares son diseñados (tanque de mezclado, vaporizador y calentador) en conjunto con la etapa principal, para la cual se propone un esquema de reacción, con el patrón cinético correspondiente. El procedimiento utilizado se implementa en forma de Software, permitiendo hacer una evaluación de alternativas.
Con los resultados obtenidos se realiza la simulación del proceso en estado estacionario, empleando para ello el software Hysys 3.2. Queda demostrado que la variante diseñada no es factible desde el punto de vista económico, en las condiciones actuales.
Se concluye el proyecto con un grupo de aspectos que se derivan del estudio realizado y se emiten recomendaciones para el futuro desarrollo del tema abordado.
A theoretical and technical study, guided to analyze the characteristics of Gas synthesis production via Bioethanol reforming was carried out in the present project, to evaluate a whole system for 200 kW of electricity production using fuel cells. To obtain the necessary theoretical basement to carry out the selection and design of the appropriate Bioethanol reforming technology a current state of the knowledge was analyzed too. The catalyst and operational conditions were highlighted as a result of the mentioned study [Ni/Al2O3, 450<T (ºC) <600, 3<RAE<6]. All auxiliary devices are designed (tank of blended, vaporizer and heater) together with the main stage (reformer), for which a reaction scheme and the corresponding kinetic pattern were proposed. The used procedure was implemented as Software scheduling, allowing in this way an alternative screening. A process simulation was carried out using the results obtained in the design step, using the Hysys 3.2 facilities, also the non feasibility from the economic point of view of the process, was proved under the current conditions. A group of aspects derived of the carried out study were used as the project conclusions and some useful recommendations were emitted for the future development of the approached topic.
A theoretical and technical study, guided to analyze the characteristics of Gas synthesis production via Bioethanol reforming was carried out in the present project, to evaluate a whole system for 200 kW of electricity production using fuel cells. To obtain the necessary theoretical basement to carry out the selection and design of the appropriate Bioethanol reforming technology a current state of the knowledge was analyzed too. The catalyst and operational conditions were highlighted as a result of the mentioned study [Ni/Al2O3, 450<T (ºC) <600, 3<RAE<6]. All auxiliary devices are designed (tank of blended, vaporizer and heater) together with the main stage (reformer), for which a reaction scheme and the corresponding kinetic pattern were proposed. The used procedure was implemented as Software scheduling, allowing in this way an alternative screening. A process simulation was carried out using the results obtained in the design step, using the Hysys 3.2 facilities, also the non feasibility from the economic point of view of the process, was proved under the current conditions. A group of aspects derived of the carried out study were used as the project conclusions and some useful recommendations were emitted for the future development of the approached topic.
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Palabras clave
Fossil Fuels, Combustibles Fósiles, Contaminación Ambiental, Environmental Pollution, Hidrógeno, Hydrogen, Producción de Hidrógeno