Estudio del crecimiento de grietas a fatiga y la vida en servicio de aleaciones empleando para el análisis la mecánica de la fractura
Fecha
2006-07-20
Autores
García Hernández, Kirelbys
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
En el mundo han ocurrido grandes catástrofes debido a la fatiga mecánica que se produce en materiales de ingeniería los cuales han estado presentes en puentes, aviones, barcos, etc, provocando perdidas materiales, económicas, e incluso perdidas de vidas humanas; en ocasiones el medio ambiente también ha sido afectado. Por lo que en el presente trabajo se hace un estudio bibliográfico sobre la temática del crecimiento de grietas de fatiga utilizando como herramienta la Mecánica de Fractura. Se analiza el empleo de la ecuación de Paris que describe el crecimiento de grietas en un determinado material, además de analizar el comportamiento de la soldadura y su influencia en el crecimiento de grietas para las aleaciones de aluminio, muy comúnmente empleadas en la actualidad en construcciones soldadas, sobre todo relacionada con medios de transporte por su baja densidad. A través de este estudio se persigue, conociendo el progreso de agrietamiento para estos materiales, el poder establecer intervalos de inspecciones y períodos de servicio seguros que garanticen la no ocurrencia de un accidente.
In the world great catastrophes due to mechanical fatigue have happened that takes place in engineering materials which there are been present in bridges, airplanes, boats, etc, causing materials lost, economic lost, and even lost of human lives; sometimes environment also has been affected. Due to this problem in the present work is done a bibliographical study on the thematic of the fatigue cracks growth using as tool the Mechanics of Fracture. The use of the Paris equation that describes the cracks growth in determining material is analyzed, also is analyze the behavior of the weld and its influence in the cracks growth of aluminum alloys, very commonly used in the present time in welded constructions, mainly related to means of transport by its low density. Through this study it is persecuted, knowing the cracking progress for these materials, the power to establish inspection intervals and safe periods that they guarantee the nonoccurrence of an accident.
In the world great catastrophes due to mechanical fatigue have happened that takes place in engineering materials which there are been present in bridges, airplanes, boats, etc, causing materials lost, economic lost, and even lost of human lives; sometimes environment also has been affected. Due to this problem in the present work is done a bibliographical study on the thematic of the fatigue cracks growth using as tool the Mechanics of Fracture. The use of the Paris equation that describes the cracks growth in determining material is analyzed, also is analyze the behavior of the weld and its influence in the cracks growth of aluminum alloys, very commonly used in the present time in welded constructions, mainly related to means of transport by its low density. Through this study it is persecuted, knowing the cracking progress for these materials, the power to establish inspection intervals and safe periods that they guarantee the nonoccurrence of an accident.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Grietas, Estudio, Grietas de Fatiga, Mecánica de la Fractura, Hierro / Aleaciones / Análisis