Procedimiento para localizar plantas y conformar la red logística de la producción de biogás en la provincia Sancti Spíritus
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Fecha
2010-07-20
Autores
Oria Gómez, Yaima
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
En Cuba ya se puso en práctica en la capital del país una planta de biogás para la obtención de energía eléctrica. En la provincia Sancti Spíritus se han realizado investigaciones dirigidas a la producción de biogás específicamente a los tipos de plantas y tecnologías a utilizar y al uso de diferentes sustratos. En la bibliografía consultada no se encontraron herramientas metodológicas que permitan definir la red logística de la cadena de aprovisionamiento de residuos para una futura planta de producción de energía problema que se resuelve durante la investigación. Además se encontraron varias herramientas metodológicas en la bibliografía disponible para la selección de proveedores y la localización de instalaciones pero ninguna de estas es específica para la plantas productoras de energía partiendo de residuos orgánicos por lo que se propone utilizar la establecida por Platea (2006) y por Domínguez Machuca et al., (1995), respectivamente con las adaptaciones necesarias. El
resultado de la investigación permitió identificar las alternativas más satisfactorias de acuerdo a los criterios definidos por los expertos; revelando la Destilería “Paraíso” y la Empresa Azucarera "Uruguay" como las mejores fuentes. Además de logró determinar los suministros más importantes a utilizar en la producción de biogás y al aplicar el método AHP se pudo concluir que el orden de prioridad de los diferentes suministros comienza por la vinaza, luego la cachaza, seguido de las excretas porcinas y los RSU. Además se conformó la red logística simplificada de la producción de biogás para la futura planta se contribuye a la aplicación concreta de la producción y utilización del biogás en el territorio.
In Cuba is already put into practice in the capital of the country a biogas plant for the electric power obtaining. In the county Sancti Spíritus has been carried out investigations directed specifically to the biogas production to the types of plants and technologies to use and to the use of different residuals. In the consulted bibliography they were not methodological tools that allow to define the logistical net of the chain of provisioning of residuals for a future plant of production of energy problem that is solved during the investigation. They were also several methodological tools in the available bibliography for the selection of suppliers and the localization of facilities but none of these it is specific for the plants energy producers leaving of organic residuals for what intends to use the established one for Platea (2006) and for Domínguez Machuca et to the., (1995), respectively with the necessary adaptations. The result of the investigation allowed to identify the most satisfactory alternatives according to the approaches defined by the experts; revealing the Still "Paradise" and the Sugar Company "Uruguay" as the best sources. Besides it was able to determine the most important supplies to use in the biogas production and when applying the method AHP you could conclude that the order of priority of the different supplies begins with the vinaza, then the phlegm, followed by you excrete them swinish and the USR. Its also conformed to the simplified logistical net of the biogas production for the future plant it is contributed to the concrete application of the production and use of the biogas in the territory.
In Cuba is already put into practice in the capital of the country a biogas plant for the electric power obtaining. In the county Sancti Spíritus has been carried out investigations directed specifically to the biogas production to the types of plants and technologies to use and to the use of different residuals. In the consulted bibliography they were not methodological tools that allow to define the logistical net of the chain of provisioning of residuals for a future plant of production of energy problem that is solved during the investigation. They were also several methodological tools in the available bibliography for the selection of suppliers and the localization of facilities but none of these it is specific for the plants energy producers leaving of organic residuals for what intends to use the established one for Platea (2006) and for Domínguez Machuca et to the., (1995), respectively with the necessary adaptations. The result of the investigation allowed to identify the most satisfactory alternatives according to the approaches defined by the experts; revealing the Still "Paradise" and the Sugar Company "Uruguay" as the best sources. Besides it was able to determine the most important supplies to use in the biogas production and when applying the method AHP you could conclude that the order of priority of the different supplies begins with the vinaza, then the phlegm, followed by you excrete them swinish and the USR. Its also conformed to the simplified logistical net of the biogas production for the future plant it is contributed to the concrete application of the production and use of the biogas in the territory.
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Palabras clave
Planta de Biogás, Energía Eléctrica / Cuba, Gestión Logística, Residuos Orgánicos, Sancti Spíritus