Eco-eficiencia en la cadena productiva de una vivienda prototipo: cemento tradicional versus cemento de bajo carbono. Estudio de caso en Sancti Spíritus
Fecha
2015-06-24
Autores
Abreu Rodríguez, Dailén
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
El presente trabajo aplica el procedimiento metodológico de (Cancio D, 2014) para
evaluar la eco-eficiencia de la cadena productiva de construcción de una vivienda
prototipo, ubicada en la provincia de Sancti Spíritus. Para ello se han sometido a
evaluación comparada dos escenarios posibles; el primero (real): utiliza los cementos
P-35 y PP-25 y el segundo (supuesto) sustituye las cantidades del primero por cemento
de bajo carbono. La investigación contiene los fundamentos conceptuales relacionados
con la eco-eficiencia como herramienta de gestión, los eco-materiales y la cadena
productiva. Se caracteriza de manera general el sistema constructivo empleado y los
entes tecno-económicos de la cadena productiva asociada a dicha construcción; de
forma tal que el relevamiento de toda la información contribuya al resultado final de la
eco-eficiencia. Con la aplicación del procedimiento se obtuvieron resultados positivos;ya
que la posible sustitución de un cemento por otro, produjo una disminución en los
costos de 8,25% y de las emisiones de 27,3%, provocando un aumento en la ecoeficiencia
de un 49,9%.
The present paper used Cancio’s methodological procedure to evaluate eco- efficiency in the building productive chain of a prototype house, which is located in Sancti Spiritus province. A comparative evaluation process was carried out in two possible places; the first one (a real one) used the P-35 and PP-25 cement types and the second one (a supposing one) substituted the quantities of the first two kinds of cement by the low carbon cement. Eco-efficiency as a business tool, eco- material and productive chain constituted the theoretical bases of this piece of research work. A characterization of the building system used and the techno-economic entities of the productive chain associated with this building was done in such a way that the information given to the whole process helped the eco-efficiency finalresult. With the application of the procedure, positive results were obtained since the possible substitution of the first cement by the second one, brought about an 8.25% cost decrease and a 27.3% issue decrease with an eco-efficiency increase as well 49,9%.
The present paper used Cancio’s methodological procedure to evaluate eco- efficiency in the building productive chain of a prototype house, which is located in Sancti Spiritus province. A comparative evaluation process was carried out in two possible places; the first one (a real one) used the P-35 and PP-25 cement types and the second one (a supposing one) substituted the quantities of the first two kinds of cement by the low carbon cement. Eco-efficiency as a business tool, eco- material and productive chain constituted the theoretical bases of this piece of research work. A characterization of the building system used and the techno-economic entities of the productive chain associated with this building was done in such a way that the information given to the whole process helped the eco-efficiency finalresult. With the application of the procedure, positive results were obtained since the possible substitution of the first cement by the second one, brought about an 8.25% cost decrease and a 27.3% issue decrease with an eco-efficiency increase as well 49,9%.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Sector de la Construcción, Eco - Eficiencia, Cadena Productiva