Remoción de azul de metileno en medio acuoso utilizando residuos agrícolas de sorgo (RAS)
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Fecha
2016-06
Autores
Coca Rives, Yoandy
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Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Química Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
En este trabajo se ha evaluado la factibilidad de empleo de residuos agrícolas de sorgo (RAS) en la remoción de colorante azul de metileno. Se presentaron los resultados de la caracterización del material biosorbente con determinaciones del punto de carga cero; sitios ácidos y básicos; análisis de la composición elemental del biosorbente, de espectrofotometría IR y termogravimétrico. Los estudios en discontinuo (recipiente con agitación) se realizaron para determinar los parámetros óptimos de operación, las variables con más influencia en el proceso, el análisis de la influencia de cada variable y
la determinación de parámetros cinéticos y termodinámicos utilizando para ello diseños estadísticos factoriales completos del tipo 33 Posteriormente en el sistema en continuo se efectuaron los experimentos utilizando columnas empacadas de lecho fijo y se ajustan las curvas de ruptura a los modelos matemáticos de Adams-Bohart, Yoon y Nelson, Thomas y Dosis-Respuesta mediante la programación de éstos en el software MATLAB R2007a.
Con la realización de este estudio se ha demostrado la alta capacidad de adsorción del biosorbente, así como la alta eficiencia de operación en columna rellenas con RAS en la eliminación de colorante azul de metileno. También se evaluó de forma preliminar con aguas residuales textiles, donde se corrobora la efectividad del biosorbente como tratamiento secundario al obtenerse un residual al que se le elimina más del 90 % de su color inicial.
This paper evaluated the feasibility of using agricultural waste sorghum (RAS) in the removal of methylene blue dye. The results of the characterization of the biosorbent material with zero point charge were determinated; acidic and basic sites; analysis of the elemental composition of biosorbent, thermogravimetric and IR spectrophotometry. The batch studies (stirred vessel) were performed to determine the optimum operating parameters and variables with more influence in the process, the analysis of the influence of each variable and the determination of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters using statistical designs full factorial type 3K. In the continuous sistems the experiments were made using packed columns of fixed bed and the breakthrough curves were adjusted to the mathematical model of Adams-Bohart, Yoon and Nelson, Thomas and Dose-Response by programming them in the software MATLAB R2007a. With this study has been demostrated the high adsorption capacity of the biosorbent as well as high operating efficiency in filled column with RAS in removing the methylene blue dye. It was also evaluated preliminarily with textile wastewater, where the biosorbent effectiveness is confirmed as secondary treatment by obtaining a residual with a removal over the 90% of its initial color.
This paper evaluated the feasibility of using agricultural waste sorghum (RAS) in the removal of methylene blue dye. The results of the characterization of the biosorbent material with zero point charge were determinated; acidic and basic sites; analysis of the elemental composition of biosorbent, thermogravimetric and IR spectrophotometry. The batch studies (stirred vessel) were performed to determine the optimum operating parameters and variables with more influence in the process, the analysis of the influence of each variable and the determination of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters using statistical designs full factorial type 3K. In the continuous sistems the experiments were made using packed columns of fixed bed and the breakthrough curves were adjusted to the mathematical model of Adams-Bohart, Yoon and Nelson, Thomas and Dose-Response by programming them in the software MATLAB R2007a. With this study has been demostrated the high adsorption capacity of the biosorbent as well as high operating efficiency in filled column with RAS in removing the methylene blue dye. It was also evaluated preliminarily with textile wastewater, where the biosorbent effectiveness is confirmed as secondary treatment by obtaining a residual with a removal over the 90% of its initial color.
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Palabras clave
Aguas Contaminadas, Tratamiento del Agua, Estudio Cinético, Biosorción, Residuos Agrícolas de Sorgo (RAS)