Aplicación del bioproducto CBQ-VTC en las traviesas de hormigón pretensado
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Fecha
2016-06-29
Autores
Valdés Alemán, Eilys
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Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Ingeniería Civil
Resumen
Actualmente el uso de aditivos tiene una marcada relevancia en la producción de hormigones, existiendo una gran variedad de clasificaciones para estas sustancias. Los aditivos de origen biológico han comenzado a recibir mayor atención en los últimos años dado la relevancia del tema y los considerables aportes que ofrecen a la industria de la construcción.
Como parte de estos estudios se presenta el siguiente trabajo investigativo que tiene como objetivo general determinar el potencial de aplicación del bioproducto CBQ-VTC como aditivo plastificante en la fabricación de traviesas de hormigón pretensado, en el mismo se desarrollaron una serie de ensayos al hormigón en estado fresco y endurecido a nivel de laboratorio y producción, utilizando diferente proporciones del CBQ-VTC y otros aditivos comerciales (SX 32, N 200, SPC 345) además de un patrón sin aditivo utilizado a nivel de laboratorio. Al hormigón en estado fresco se le determinó la consistencia a través del consistómetro Skramptaev (disponible en el laboratorio de la empresa) que es una variante del consistómetro VeBe. En estado endurecido se le midió la resistencia a la compresión a las 24h, 7 días y 28 días a nivel de laboratorio y de producción en cada caso con los tratamientos correspondientes. También se relazaron ensayos de absorción para los hormigones del laboratorio y se obtuvieron datos de la inspección de aceptación realizada a las traviesas en la producción. Todos estos estudios permitieron concluir que el bioproducto CBQ-VTC, añadido como aditivo en la fabricación de hormigón, modifica sus propiedades reológicas en estado fresco que permiten alcanzar una consistencia seca con baja relación agua/cemento y posteriormente alta resistencia a la compresión en edades tempranas y tardías, además el hormigón elaborado a nivel de laboratorio con el aditivo CBQ-VTC cumple con las especificaciones técnicas para la fabricación de traviesas de hormigón pretensado, sin embargo se observan a escala productiva que las propiedades físico-mecánicas presentan variaciones entre los lotes . El empleo del aditivo CBQ-VTC a escala productiva en la fabricación de traviesas tiene potencial al obtener resultados similares al súper plastificante Dynamon SX 32, al tener un índice considerable de aceptación al volteo y resistencia a flexo-tracción que permite su uso en vías férreas principalmente de categoría II para la circulación de trenes a 100 km/h y carga de 21t.
Currently the use of additives has a strong relevance in the production of concrete, and there is a variety of classifications for these substances. The additives of biological origin have begun to receive increased attention in recent given the relevance of the issue and offering considerable contributions to the construction industry years. As part of these studies the following research work has as its general objective to determine the potential application of bioproduct CBQ-VTC as a plasticizer additive in the manufacture of prestressed concrete sleepers, therein a series of tests to concrete were developed in presents fresh and hardened in the laboratory and production, using different proportions of CBQ-VTC and other commercial additives (SX 32, N 200, SPC 345) in addition to a pattern without additive used in the laboratory. The fresh concrete consistency it was determined through consistometer Skramptaev (available in the laboratory of the company) which is a variant of consistometer VeBe. Cured state it was measured the compressive strength at 24h, 7 days and 28 days in laboratory and production in each case with the corresponding treatments. absorption tests also relearn for concrete laboratory and inspection data acceptance made to sleepers in production were obtained. All these studies led to the conclusion that the bioproduct CBQ-VTC, added as an additive in the manufacture of concrete, modifies its rheological properties in the fresh state so as to achieve a dry consistency with low water / cement and subsequently high compressive strength at early ages and late addition concrete prepared at laboratory level with the additive CBQ-VTC meets techniques for making prestressed concrete sleepers specifications, however observed production scale the physic-mechanical properties have variations between batches. The use of the additive CBQ-VTC production scale in the manufacture of sleepers has the potential to achieve similar results to super plasticizer Dynamon SX 32, having a considerable acceptance rate to overturning and resistance to flexo-traction which allows its use in the process category II railway mainly for trains to 100 km / h and 21t load.
Currently the use of additives has a strong relevance in the production of concrete, and there is a variety of classifications for these substances. The additives of biological origin have begun to receive increased attention in recent given the relevance of the issue and offering considerable contributions to the construction industry years. As part of these studies the following research work has as its general objective to determine the potential application of bioproduct CBQ-VTC as a plasticizer additive in the manufacture of prestressed concrete sleepers, therein a series of tests to concrete were developed in presents fresh and hardened in the laboratory and production, using different proportions of CBQ-VTC and other commercial additives (SX 32, N 200, SPC 345) in addition to a pattern without additive used in the laboratory. The fresh concrete consistency it was determined through consistometer Skramptaev (available in the laboratory of the company) which is a variant of consistometer VeBe. Cured state it was measured the compressive strength at 24h, 7 days and 28 days in laboratory and production in each case with the corresponding treatments. absorption tests also relearn for concrete laboratory and inspection data acceptance made to sleepers in production were obtained. All these studies led to the conclusion that the bioproduct CBQ-VTC, added as an additive in the manufacture of concrete, modifies its rheological properties in the fresh state so as to achieve a dry consistency with low water / cement and subsequently high compressive strength at early ages and late addition concrete prepared at laboratory level with the additive CBQ-VTC meets techniques for making prestressed concrete sleepers specifications, however observed production scale the physic-mechanical properties have variations between batches. The use of the additive CBQ-VTC production scale in the manufacture of sleepers has the potential to achieve similar results to super plasticizer Dynamon SX 32, having a considerable acceptance rate to overturning and resistance to flexo-traction which allows its use in the process category II railway mainly for trains to 100 km / h and 21t load.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Aplicación del Bioproducto CBQ-VTC, Traviesas de Hormigón Pretensado, Aditivo Plastificante y Comercial, Ensayo de Absorción, Essays