Aplicación de la modelación matemática en el funcionamiento hidrogeológico de las aguas subterráneas. Caso de estudio región acuífera del Noreste de Villa Clara
Fecha
2007-07-04
Autores
Martínez Noriegas, Hugo Arnaldo
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
Los modelos matemáticos son ampliamente usados en las diferentes ramas del saber, como
herramientas para las investigaciones, pronósticos o predicciones de las variables que lo componen.
En la década del 60 se consolida el papel de la simulación del agua subterránea como vía para
representar el flujo mediante un modelo y predecir las respuestas del sistema. La aplicación de la
tecnología de la modelación matemática de acuíferos contribuye a mejorar el conocimiento de las
disponibilidades de estos recursos y a desarrollar políticas racionales de administración que
garanticen su desarrollo sustentable
Los modelos matemáticos, aplicados a la hidrogeología, comienzan a desarrollarse en Cuba a finales
de la década del 80, pero en la actualidad no tienen una amplia aplicación en la exploración y manejo
de los acuíferos, a pesar de ser una herramienta muy rigurosa para lograr establecer el pronóstico del
comportamiento del sistema.
En el presente trabajo se hace un exhaustivo análisis del desarrollo matemático que soporta al flujo de
las aguas subterráneas en acuíferos confinados y no confinados. Se aplica además, la tecnología de la
modelación para simular el funcionamiento hidrogeológico de la región acuífera del Noreste de Villa
Clara, utilizando el software “AQÜIMPE”, desarrollado por el Centro de Investigaciones Hidráulicas
del ISPJAE, el cual emplea el MEF como técnica numérica y constituye un paquete modular
integrado de programas, que permite la simulación matemática del flujo lineal libre o confinado en
medio poroso, en dos dimensiones del espacio y con impermanencia gradual. La base de datos que se
maneja en la aplicación del software, está soportada en tecnología “SIG” con el uso del ArcView
como software de interfase.
Mathematical models are broadly used in the different branches of the knowledge, as tools for the investigations, presage or predictions of the variables that compose it. In the decade of the 60 it is consolidated the paper of the simulation of the underground water like a way to represent the flow by means of a model and to predict the answers of the system. The application of the technology of the mathematical modelation of aquifers contributes to improve the knowledge of the readiness of these resources and to develop rational politics of administration that guarantee its sustainable development. Mathematical models, applied to the hydrology, begin to be developed in Cuba at the end of the decade of the 80, but at the present time they don't have a wide application in the exploration and handling of the aquifers, in spite of being a very rigorous tool to be able to establish the presage of the behavior of the system. In the present work it is made an exhaustive analysis of the mathematical development that supports the flow of the underground waters in confined and not confined aquifers. It also applies, the technology of the modelation to simulate the operation hydrogeology of the aquifer region of the Northeast of Villa Clara, using the pattern "AQÜIMPE", developed by the Center of Hydraulic Investigations of the ISPJAE, which uses the MEF like numeric technique and it constitutes a package to modulate integrated of programs that it allows the mathematical simulation of the free lineal flow or confined between porous, in two dimensions of the space and with gradual impermanency. The database that is managed in the application of the pattern, is supported in technology "SIG" with the use of the ArcView like interface software.
Mathematical models are broadly used in the different branches of the knowledge, as tools for the investigations, presage or predictions of the variables that compose it. In the decade of the 60 it is consolidated the paper of the simulation of the underground water like a way to represent the flow by means of a model and to predict the answers of the system. The application of the technology of the mathematical modelation of aquifers contributes to improve the knowledge of the readiness of these resources and to develop rational politics of administration that guarantee its sustainable development. Mathematical models, applied to the hydrology, begin to be developed in Cuba at the end of the decade of the 80, but at the present time they don't have a wide application in the exploration and handling of the aquifers, in spite of being a very rigorous tool to be able to establish the presage of the behavior of the system. In the present work it is made an exhaustive analysis of the mathematical development that supports the flow of the underground waters in confined and not confined aquifers. It also applies, the technology of the modelation to simulate the operation hydrogeology of the aquifer region of the Northeast of Villa Clara, using the pattern "AQÜIMPE", developed by the Center of Hydraulic Investigations of the ISPJAE, which uses the MEF like numeric technique and it constitutes a package to modulate integrated of programs that it allows the mathematical simulation of the free lineal flow or confined between porous, in two dimensions of the space and with gradual impermanency. The database that is managed in the application of the pattern, is supported in technology "SIG" with the use of the ArcView like interface software.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Modelación Matemática, Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG), Funcionamiento Hidrogeológico, Aguas Subterráneas, Caso de Estudio, Región Acuífera, Noreste de Villa Clara