Obtención de yemas adventicias in vitro en los cultivares de Musa ‘Manzano’ (AAB) y ‘Gros Michel’ (AAA)
Fecha
2017-07-06
Autores
Jiménez Padrón, Alejandro
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu “ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Departamento de Biología
Resumen
En plátanos y bananos para la formación de yemas adventicias se emplean las
citoquininas, pero altas concentraciones pueden tener efectos negativos en la
regeneración de plantas. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar el efecto
de diferentes combinaciones de citoquininas en la formación de yemas adventicias en los
cultivares de Musa ‘Gros Michel’ (AAA) y ‘Manzano’ (AAB). Se estudiaron diferentes
concentraciones de 6-Bencilaminopurina (2,0; 4,0 y 6,0 mg L-1) y de Tidiazuron (0,6; 0,8 y
1,0 mg L-1), y se evaluó su efecto en el número de subcultivo y posterior regeneración de
plantas. Como controles se empleó 22,5 mg L-1 de 6-BAP y 2,0 mg L-1 de TDZ
ampliamente utilizados para estos fines. La combinación de 2,0 mg L-1 de 6-BAP + 1,0 mg
L-1 de TDZ con cuatro subcultivos fue la que logró mayor porcentaje de formación de
yemas adventicias, en el cultivar de Musa ‘Gros Michel’ (AAA). Por otro lado, con 6,0 mg
L-1 de 6-BAP + 0,8 mg L-1 de TDZ y tres subcultivos se logró el mayor porciento de
formación de yemas adventicias en el cultivar de Musa ‘Manzano’ (AAB). Con las
combinaciones estudiadas en ninguno de los dos cultivares regeneraron plantas fuera de
tipo. Por lo antes planteado se seleccionaron estas combinaciones de citoquininas para la
obtención de yemas adventicias, ya que se logró disminuir los niveles de 6-BAP y de TDZ
que tienen efectos negativos en la posterior regeneración de las plantas
In bananas and plantains for adventitious bud formation cytokinins are used, but high concentrations may have negative effects on plant regeneration. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the effect of different combinations of cytokinins on the formation of adventitious buds in Musa 'Gros Michel' (AAA) and 'Manzano' (AAB) cultivars. Different concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 mg L-1) and Thidiazuron (0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 mg L-1) were studied, and their effect on subculture number and subsequent plant regeneration. As controls, 22.5 mg L-1 of 6-BAP and 2.0 mg L-1 of TDZ were used widely for these purposes. The combination of 2.0 mg L-1 of 6-BAP + 1.0 mg L-1 of TDZ with four subcultures was the one that achieved the highest percentage of adventitious bud formation in Musa cv. 'Gros Michel' (AAA). On the other hand, with 6.0 mg L-1 of 6-BAP + 0.8 mg L-1 of TDZ and three subcultures the highest percentage of adventitious bud formation was achieved in Musa cv. 'Manzano' (AAB). With the combinations studied in neither of the two cultivars regenerated plants out of type. For the previously mentioned, these combinations of cytokinins were selected for the obtaining of adventitious buds, since it was possible to decrease the levels of 6-BAP and TDZ that have negative effects on the later regeneration of the plants.
In bananas and plantains for adventitious bud formation cytokinins are used, but high concentrations may have negative effects on plant regeneration. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the effect of different combinations of cytokinins on the formation of adventitious buds in Musa 'Gros Michel' (AAA) and 'Manzano' (AAB) cultivars. Different concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 mg L-1) and Thidiazuron (0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 mg L-1) were studied, and their effect on subculture number and subsequent plant regeneration. As controls, 22.5 mg L-1 of 6-BAP and 2.0 mg L-1 of TDZ were used widely for these purposes. The combination of 2.0 mg L-1 of 6-BAP + 1.0 mg L-1 of TDZ with four subcultures was the one that achieved the highest percentage of adventitious bud formation in Musa cv. 'Gros Michel' (AAA). On the other hand, with 6.0 mg L-1 of 6-BAP + 0.8 mg L-1 of TDZ and three subcultures the highest percentage of adventitious bud formation was achieved in Musa cv. 'Manzano' (AAB). With the combinations studied in neither of the two cultivars regenerated plants out of type. For the previously mentioned, these combinations of cytokinins were selected for the obtaining of adventitious buds, since it was possible to decrease the levels of 6-BAP and TDZ that have negative effects on the later regeneration of the plants.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Bananos, Yemas