Concepción y evaluación de un sistema de cogeneración para la UB “Desembarco del Granma”
Fecha
2017
Autores
Carrión Vásquez, Idilio
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica
Resumen
En el siguiente trabajo se realiza una revisión bibliográfica sobre la cogeneración su desarrollo histórico, concepciones tecnológicas y aplicaciones en la industria textil.
El trabajo de diploma presenta los resultados del estudio del área de “Suministros Energéticos” de la unidad básica textil “Desembarco del Granma” y se describe detalladamente las tecnologías de transformaciones energéticas, consumo e índices de consumo de los portadores energéticos. Teniéndose al área de acabado como la de mayor consumo de vapor con una media anual de 33 755 tv y el índice de consumo eléctrico en el área energética tiene una media de 1868 kWh/tv, el consumo de combustible por kg de vapor generado en los últimos 5 años es de 13.8 kgv/Kgf.o. y además tiene una media de consumo anual de 409 kg de combustible por cada mil metros cuadrados (kg/Mm2) de tela procesada.
Finalmente se simula mediante el uso del software RETScreen un proyecto de cogeneración de calentamiento y electricidad combinados y se obtuvo como resultado que, con una turbina de vapor con una potencia de 2 MW se obtiene 9 mil MWh de electricidad entregado a la carga que representa un 48 % casi la mitad de la electricidad consumida por la empresa, después de la aplicación de este proyecto se tiene que este trae consigo un ahorro anual de 900 mil dólares, lo que representa una cifra considerable y con la aplicación de este proyecto de cogeneración se tiene una reducción anual de 5 000 tCO2 expulsados a la atmósfera.
In the following work a bibliographic review on the cogeneration is made its historical development, technological conceptions and applications in the textile industry. The diploma work presents the results of the study of the "Energy Supply" area of the basic textile unit "Desembarco Del Granma" and describes in detail the technologies of energy transformation, consumption and consumption rates of energy carriers. Having the finishing area as the one with the highest consumption of steam with an annual average of 33 755 tv and the index of electric consumption in the energy area has an average of 1868 kWh / tv, the fuel consumption per kg of steam generated in the last 5 years is 13.8 kgv / Kgf.o. And also has an average annual consumption of 409 kg of fuel per thousand square meters (kg/Mm2) of fabric processed. Finally, a combined heat and power cogeneration project was simulated using the RETScreen software and the result was that a steam turbine with a power of 2 000 kW yields 9 000 MWh of electricity delivered to the load it represents 48 % almost half of the electricity consumed by the company, after the implementation of this project is that this brings with it an annual savings of 900 thousand dollars, which represents a considerable figure and with the application of this cogeneration project There is an annual reduction of 5 000 tCO2 expelled to the atmosphere.
In the following work a bibliographic review on the cogeneration is made its historical development, technological conceptions and applications in the textile industry. The diploma work presents the results of the study of the "Energy Supply" area of the basic textile unit "Desembarco Del Granma" and describes in detail the technologies of energy transformation, consumption and consumption rates of energy carriers. Having the finishing area as the one with the highest consumption of steam with an annual average of 33 755 tv and the index of electric consumption in the energy area has an average of 1868 kWh / tv, the fuel consumption per kg of steam generated in the last 5 years is 13.8 kgv / Kgf.o. And also has an average annual consumption of 409 kg of fuel per thousand square meters (kg/Mm2) of fabric processed. Finally, a combined heat and power cogeneration project was simulated using the RETScreen software and the result was that a steam turbine with a power of 2 000 kW yields 9 000 MWh of electricity delivered to the load it represents 48 % almost half of the electricity consumed by the company, after the implementation of this project is that this brings with it an annual savings of 900 thousand dollars, which represents a considerable figure and with the application of this cogeneration project There is an annual reduction of 5 000 tCO2 expelled to the atmosphere.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Industria Textil, Suministros Energéticos, Unidad Básica Textil Desembarco del Granma, Santa Clara, Energía Eléctrica