Análisis de encadenamientos productivos para el hábitat. Caso de estudio: Municipio Fomento
Fecha
2017
Autores
Luis Oliva, Adriana
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Ingeniería Civil.
Resumen
En la mayoría de los municipios cubanos la producción de los distintos materiales de construcción se realiza sin considerar las distintas alternativas que pudieran ser más efectivas y eficientes, desde el punto de vista técnico-económico y medioambiental, además, no en todos los casos se emplean las técnicas y tecnologías más apropiadas a las condiciones específicas de los municipios, particularmente en la construcción de viviendas. El presente Trabajo de Diploma tiene como objetivo formular recomendaciones en materia de encadenamientos productivos para la mejora de la gestión y fortalecimiento de las capacidades de producción de materiales de construcción para el hábitat local en el municipio Fomento.
En un primer momento se realiza un diagnóstico del hábitat en el municipio, en un segundo momento se analiza la industria de los Materiales de Construcción como eslabón fundamental en la construcción de viviendas y se procede a confeccionar el mapeo de las cadena productiva de los materiales de construcción en general, y en específico la del bloque hueco de hormigón y la del ladrillo hueco. Luego se detecta con la ayuda de los ciudadanos, gestores locales y con los resultados obtenidos, los principales cuellos de botella que afectan el desarrollo de las cadenas productivas así como sus potencialidades, que constituyen las bases para el aprovechamiento de los recursos locales. Finalmente se analizan las fases por las que transita una vivienda durante su construcción y se proponen recomendaciones para que sea más económica y duradera.
In most of the Cuban municipalities the production of different construction materials are carried out without considering the different alternative that could be more effective and more efficient, from the technician-economic and environmental point of view. Not only techniques and appropriate technologies are used to the municipality’s conditions, particularly in the construction of housings. The present research work has as objective formulate recommendation as regards productive linkages for the improvement and invigoration the production capacities of construction materials for the local habitat in the municipality of Fomento. In a first moment we carried out a habitat diagnosis in the municipality. In a second moment it is analyzed the Construction Materials Industry like a fundamental link in the construction of housings to proceed making maps of the productive chain and construction materials in general, and specific the hollow block of concrete and the hollow brick. Then it is detected with the help of the citizens, local agents and with the obtained results, the main bottle necks that affect the development of the productive chains as well as their potentialities that constitute the bases for the use of the local resources. Finally the phases are analyzed by those that it traffics housing during their construction and they propose recommendations so that it is more economic and more durable.
In most of the Cuban municipalities the production of different construction materials are carried out without considering the different alternative that could be more effective and more efficient, from the technician-economic and environmental point of view. Not only techniques and appropriate technologies are used to the municipality’s conditions, particularly in the construction of housings. The present research work has as objective formulate recommendation as regards productive linkages for the improvement and invigoration the production capacities of construction materials for the local habitat in the municipality of Fomento. In a first moment we carried out a habitat diagnosis in the municipality. In a second moment it is analyzed the Construction Materials Industry like a fundamental link in the construction of housings to proceed making maps of the productive chain and construction materials in general, and specific the hollow block of concrete and the hollow brick. Then it is detected with the help of the citizens, local agents and with the obtained results, the main bottle necks that affect the development of the productive chains as well as their potentialities that constitute the bases for the use of the local resources. Finally the phases are analyzed by those that it traffics housing during their construction and they propose recommendations so that it is more economic and more durable.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Cadena Productiva, Hábitat, Materiales de Construcción, Productive Chain, Habitat, Construction Materials