Calibración de Modelos Estructurales. Empleo de la matriz Jacobiana
Fecha
2017
Autores
Yervilla Herrera, Lenier
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Ingeniería Civil.
Resumen
La presente investigación está encaminada a estimar parámetros estructurales
(calibración o actualización) de modelos mecánicos de puentes confeccionados en
SAP2000 para aprovechar las ventajas de la implementación de los métodos de
optimización que posee MATLAB. Para ello se utilizan los medios que brinda la interface
OAPI (CSi Open Application Programming Interface) entre SAP2000 y MATLAB con la
novedad de la inclusión de la matriz Jacobiana en el proceso.
Mediante la interpretación y procesamiento de los resultados de ensayos modales
realizados al puente objeto de estudio se identifican los parámetros del comportamiento
dinámico como las frecuencias de oscilación natural y los modos principales de
oscilaciones propias. Esto posibilita, empleando técnicas de optimización programadas en
MATLAB (Algoritmos Genéticos y de Minimización no Lineal con Restricciones), identificar
ciertos parámetros estructurales: el Módulo de Elasticidad (E) o de Rigidez al Cortante (G),
el Coeficiente de Poisson (μ), la Resistencia Específica del Hormigón (f´c) en los
elementos de hormigón armado, el Módulo de Young (Módulo de Elasticidad o de
Deformación); además para elementos metálicos el límite de fluencia (Fy) y la resistencia
última (Fu). Reconocidos dichos parámetros se obtiene un modelo calibrado en SAP2000
que facilita su diagnóstico y evaluación bajo diferentes estados de carga, buscando que la
respuesta del modelo sea aproximadamente igual a la de la estructura real.
The aim of this research is estimate structural parameters (calibration or updating) of mechanical bridge models Made in SAP2000, to take advantage of the Implementation of MATLAB optimization methods. This is done using the tools provided by the OAPI interface (CSi Open Application Programming Interface) between SAP2000 and MATLAB with the novelty of the inclusion of the Jacobian matrix in the process. By means of the interpretation and processing of the results of modal tests carried out to the bridge object of study the parameters of the dynamic behavior like the frequencies of natural oscillation and the main modes of own oscillations are identified. Using optimization techniques programmed in MATLAB (nonlinear least squares and genetic algorithms) it is possible identified other structural parameters like: Modulus of Elasticity (E), rigidity to the cutting (G), the Poisson Coefficient (μ) and the Concrete Specific Resistance (f'c) on reinforced concrete elements, Modulus of Young (Modulus of Elasticity or Deformation). Also for metallic elements: yield strength (Fy) and ultimate strength (Fu). A model calibrated in SAP2000 is obtained, which facilitates their diagnosis and evaluation under different load states, aiming for the model's response to be approximately the same as the actual structure once these parameters have been identified.
The aim of this research is estimate structural parameters (calibration or updating) of mechanical bridge models Made in SAP2000, to take advantage of the Implementation of MATLAB optimization methods. This is done using the tools provided by the OAPI interface (CSi Open Application Programming Interface) between SAP2000 and MATLAB with the novelty of the inclusion of the Jacobian matrix in the process. By means of the interpretation and processing of the results of modal tests carried out to the bridge object of study the parameters of the dynamic behavior like the frequencies of natural oscillation and the main modes of own oscillations are identified. Using optimization techniques programmed in MATLAB (nonlinear least squares and genetic algorithms) it is possible identified other structural parameters like: Modulus of Elasticity (E), rigidity to the cutting (G), the Poisson Coefficient (μ) and the Concrete Specific Resistance (f'c) on reinforced concrete elements, Modulus of Young (Modulus of Elasticity or Deformation). Also for metallic elements: yield strength (Fy) and ultimate strength (Fu). A model calibrated in SAP2000 is obtained, which facilitates their diagnosis and evaluation under different load states, aiming for the model's response to be approximately the same as the actual structure once these parameters have been identified.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Model Updating, Optimización, Calibración de Modelos, Matriz Jacobiana