Definición de los tipos técnico constructivos representativos del fondo habitacional con valor patrimonial en Santa Clara
Fecha
2005-06-05
Autores
Escudero Lorente, Ernesto
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Arquitectura
Resumen
El patrimonio habitacional de Santa Clara ha sido estudiado en detalle, desde el punto de vista estilístico, desde sus orígenes a la década de 1940, en que se vislumbra el movimiento moderno. Para esta etapa se han establecido las filiaciones estilísticas por las que transitó la arquitectura doméstica local. Haciendo una observación a las propuestas contemporáneas sobre el patrimonio edificado, en el presente estudio, se parte de estos tipos estilísticos, con sus correspondientes períodos históricos, para identificar y caracterizar las soluciones técnico - constructivas que se desarrollan en cada etapa y que completan el conocimiento de estas de edificaciones.
En el capítulo 1 se elabora el marco teórico conceptual necesario para sostener los criterios a exponer y se consideran algunos antecedentes en relación con el tema. Se hace necesario trazar la historia y evolución de la ciudad de Santa Clara, caracterizando su estructura urbana arquitectónica como universo de estudio en su relación con los factores socioeconómicos que determinaron el surgimiento y desarrollo de su arquitectura doméstica.
En el capítulo 2 se aborda cada etapa histórica y se exponen las filiaciones estilísticas desde una óptica técnica y constructiva, describiendo sus elementos componentes notables, materiales y soluciones funcionales en planta.
Los criterios a considerar para establecer las tipos constructivos que representan al patrimonio habitacional de valor son tratados en el capítulo 3, donde se expone y aplica el procedimiento para discriminar el repertorio constructivo expuesto. En este punto se resumen las soluciones identificadas, definiendo su comportamiento en el tiempo, lo que culmina con la identificación y caracterización de los elementos que condicionan tipos constructivos de naturaleza propia que condensen la variedad constructiva de la ciudad patrimonial.
Santa Clara's residence patrimony has been studied in detail, from the stylistic point of view, from its origins to the decade of 1940, in that the modern movement is glimpsed. For this stage the stylistic filiations have settled down for those that it trafficked the local domestic architecture. Making an observation to the contemporary proposals on the built patrimony, presently study, leaves of these stylistic types, with its corresponding historical periods, to identify and to characterize the solutions technician - constructive that are developed in each stage and that they complete the knowledge of these of constructions. In the chapter 1 the necessary conceptual theoretical mark is elaborated to sustain the approaches to expose and they are considered some antecedents in connection with the topic. It becomes necessary to trace the history and evolution of Santa Clara's city, characterizing their architectural urban structure as study universe in their relationship with the socioeconomic factors that determined the emergence and development of their domestic architecture. In the chapter 2 each historical stage is approached and the stylistic filiations are exposed from a technical and constructive optics, describing their elements component notables, materials and functional solutions in plant. The approaches to consider the constructive types that represent to the residence patrimony of value to settle down are treated in the chapter 3, where it is exposed and it applies the procedure to discriminate against the exposed constructive repertoire. In this point summary the identified solutions, defining their behaviour in the time, what culminates with the identification and characterization of the elements that condition constructive types of own nature that condense the constructive variety of the patrimonial city.
Santa Clara's residence patrimony has been studied in detail, from the stylistic point of view, from its origins to the decade of 1940, in that the modern movement is glimpsed. For this stage the stylistic filiations have settled down for those that it trafficked the local domestic architecture. Making an observation to the contemporary proposals on the built patrimony, presently study, leaves of these stylistic types, with its corresponding historical periods, to identify and to characterize the solutions technician - constructive that are developed in each stage and that they complete the knowledge of these of constructions. In the chapter 1 the necessary conceptual theoretical mark is elaborated to sustain the approaches to expose and they are considered some antecedents in connection with the topic. It becomes necessary to trace the history and evolution of Santa Clara's city, characterizing their architectural urban structure as study universe in their relationship with the socioeconomic factors that determined the emergence and development of their domestic architecture. In the chapter 2 each historical stage is approached and the stylistic filiations are exposed from a technical and constructive optics, describing their elements component notables, materials and functional solutions in plant. The approaches to consider the constructive types that represent to the residence patrimony of value to settle down are treated in the chapter 3, where it is exposed and it applies the procedure to discriminate against the exposed constructive repertoire. In this point summary the identified solutions, defining their behaviour in the time, what culminates with the identification and characterization of the elements that condition constructive types of own nature that condense the constructive variety of the patrimonial city.
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Palabras clave
Fondo Habitacional, Santa Clara, Patrimonio Arquitectónico, Patrimonio