Eficiencia en el uso del agua de riego en la Empresa Agropecuaria Valle del Yabú .
Fecha
2018-07
Autores
Montaña Valladares, Abel Antonio
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola
Resumen
Este trabajo fue realizado en la Empresa Agropecuaria Valle del Yabú ubicada en
el municipio de Santa Clara, provincia Villa Clara. El estudio de la productividad
del agua y su uso dentro de la planificación del riego es una vía estratégica para
lograr el incremento de la eficiencia en el uso del agua. Utilizando datos tomados
en distintas UBPC de la Empresa Agropecuaria Valle del Yabú y con ayuda de
herramientas de análisis se calcula la productividad del agua aplicada por riego
(WPI ), la productividad del agua total (WPI ), las precipitaciones efectivas(Pe) y el
agua total aplicada(T), en los cultivos maíz, papa, malanga, frijol y boniato. En el
boniato la productividad del agua aplicada por riego (WP I ) fue superior a la del
resto de los cultivos, de 20 kg/m
3
para un agua aplicada de 1400,7 m
3
/ha, para
el caso de la papa el promedio de la (WP I ) fue de 7,74 kg/m
3
con 4841 m
3
/ha, en
el frijol el promedio de la (WPI ) alcanzó valores de 4,74 kg/m
3
con 3927 m
3
/ha, en
el caso de la malanga fue de 3,92 kg/m
3
con 6126,7 m
3
/ha y el maíz fue de 10,66
kg/m
3
con 10438 m
3
/ha. Los resultados mostraron una baja productividad e
ineficiencia en el uso del agua para los cultivos de papa, frijol y maíz, no el caso
de la malanga y el boniato donde se obtuvieron valores de produc tividad del agua
que muestran un uso eficiente del agua en estos cultivos. Determinar la eficiencia
en el uso del agua de riego, a partir del cálculo de la productividad agronómica
del agua y de la respuesta en rendimiento agrícola, de los cultivos analiza dos en
la Empresa
This work was carried out in the Agricultural Company Valle del Yabú located in the municipality of Santa Clara, province of Villa Clara. The study of water productivity and its use in irrigation planning is a strategic way to achieve an increase in the efficiency of water use. Using data collected in different farms from the Agricultural Company Valle del Yabú and with the help of analysis tools the water productivity applied by irrigation (WPI ), the total water productivity (WP I ), the effective rainfall (Pe) and the total water applied (T) were calculated, in the corn, potato, taro, bean and sweet potato crops. In the sweet potato the water productivity applied by irrigation (WP I ) was higher than that of the rest of the crops, of 20 kg/m 3 for an applied water of 1400,7 m 3 /ha, for the case of the potato the average of the (WPI) was 7.74 kg/m 3 with 4841 m 3 /ha, in the bean the average of the (WP I ) reached values of 4.74 kg/m 3 with 3927 m 3 /ha, in the case of the taro it was 3.92 kg/m 3 with 6126.7 m 3 /ha and corn was 10.66 kg/m 3 with 10438 m 3 /ha. The results showed a low productivity and inefficiency in the use of water for potato, bean and corn crops, not the case of taro and sweet pota to where water productivity values were obtained that show an efficient use of water in these crops. Determine the efficiency in the use of irrigation water, based on the calculation of the agronomic productivity of water and the response in agricultural y ield, of the crops analyzed in the Agricultural Company Valle del Yabú.
This work was carried out in the Agricultural Company Valle del Yabú located in the municipality of Santa Clara, province of Villa Clara. The study of water productivity and its use in irrigation planning is a strategic way to achieve an increase in the efficiency of water use. Using data collected in different farms from the Agricultural Company Valle del Yabú and with the help of analysis tools the water productivity applied by irrigation (WPI ), the total water productivity (WP I ), the effective rainfall (Pe) and the total water applied (T) were calculated, in the corn, potato, taro, bean and sweet potato crops. In the sweet potato the water productivity applied by irrigation (WP I ) was higher than that of the rest of the crops, of 20 kg/m 3 for an applied water of 1400,7 m 3 /ha, for the case of the potato the average of the (WPI) was 7.74 kg/m 3 with 4841 m 3 /ha, in the bean the average of the (WP I ) reached values of 4.74 kg/m 3 with 3927 m 3 /ha, in the case of the taro it was 3.92 kg/m 3 with 6126.7 m 3 /ha and corn was 10.66 kg/m 3 with 10438 m 3 /ha. The results showed a low productivity and inefficiency in the use of water for potato, bean and corn crops, not the case of taro and sweet pota to where water productivity values were obtained that show an efficient use of water in these crops. Determine the efficiency in the use of irrigation water, based on the calculation of the agronomic productivity of water and the response in agricultural y ield, of the crops analyzed in the Agricultural Company Valle del Yabú.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Riego, Empresa Agropecuaria Valle del Yabú