Hibridación de energía solar térmica con biomasa cañera en las condiciones de Cuba: caso de estudio UEB ¨George Washington¨
Fecha
2018
Autores
Villardefrancos Bello, Frank Luis
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica
Resumen
En este trabajo se efectuó el dimensionamiento de un campo termo solar con tecnología de colectores cilindro parabólicos EUROTrough-150. Dicho campo se propone con el fin de inyectar energía solar al sistema termo-energético de la UEB ¨George Washington¨ y disminuir así el consumo de bagazo en la generación de vapor. La disminución en el consumo de bagazo permite acumular dicho combustible para extender los períodos de generación de energía eléctrica más allá del período de zafra. El diseño del sistema que se propone consiste esencialmente en elevar la temperatura del agua de alimentación a la caldera hasta 260 oC con energía solar. Para ello se realizó un estudio de la radiación solar directa incidente en la zona donde está ubicada la UEB, siendo esta idónea para la instalación de tecnologías de concentración solar. Se diseñó el campo solar y se calcularon las pérdidas inherentes a cada colector logrando un rendimiento global de aproximadamente 70%. Inciden sobre esta eficiencia las pérdidas geométricas, ópticas, térmicas y las condiciones meteorológicas del lugar. Se evaluaron las características del terreno para dimensionar el campo solar, cercanía a los recursos hídricos y a la red eléctrica nacional, lo que resulto adecuado para implementar esta tecnología. Se analizó un análisis económico y de impacto ambiental del esquema propuesto, encontrándose que es económicamente factible con un VAN de 34 millones de USD y una TIR del 30 % y un período de recuperación de la inversión de 9 años y 10 meses.
Palabras clave: campo termo solar, rendimiento global, radiación solar, impacto ambiental.
In this work, the dimensioning of a solar thermal field with parabolic trough collector technology EUROTrough-150 was carried out. This field is proposed in order to inject solar energy into the thermo-energy system of the UEB "George Washington" and thus reduce the consumption of bagasse in steam generation. The decrease in bagasse consumption allows the accumulation of such fuel to extend the periods of generation of electric power beyond the harvest period. The design of the proposed system consists essentially in raising the temperature of the feed water to the boiler up to 260 ⁰C with solar energy. For this purpose, a study of direct solar radiation was carried out in the area where the UEB is located, being ideal for the installation of solar concentration technologies. The solar field was designed and the losses inherent to each collector were calculated achieving an overall yield of approximately 70%. The geometric, optical and thermal losses and the meteorological conditions of the place affect this efficiency. The characteristics of the UEB location were evaluated to dimension the solar field, proximity to water resources and the national electricity grid, which was adequate to implement this technology. An economic and environmental impact analysis of the proposed scheme was analyzed, finding that it is economically feasible with a NPV of USD 34 million and an IRR of 30% and an investment recovery period of 9 years and 10 months. Key words: solar thermal field, global performance, solar radiation, environmental impact.
In this work, the dimensioning of a solar thermal field with parabolic trough collector technology EUROTrough-150 was carried out. This field is proposed in order to inject solar energy into the thermo-energy system of the UEB "George Washington" and thus reduce the consumption of bagasse in steam generation. The decrease in bagasse consumption allows the accumulation of such fuel to extend the periods of generation of electric power beyond the harvest period. The design of the proposed system consists essentially in raising the temperature of the feed water to the boiler up to 260 ⁰C with solar energy. For this purpose, a study of direct solar radiation was carried out in the area where the UEB is located, being ideal for the installation of solar concentration technologies. The solar field was designed and the losses inherent to each collector were calculated achieving an overall yield of approximately 70%. The geometric, optical and thermal losses and the meteorological conditions of the place affect this efficiency. The characteristics of the UEB location were evaluated to dimension the solar field, proximity to water resources and the national electricity grid, which was adequate to implement this technology. An economic and environmental impact analysis of the proposed scheme was analyzed, finding that it is economically feasible with a NPV of USD 34 million and an IRR of 30% and an investment recovery period of 9 years and 10 months. Key words: solar thermal field, global performance, solar radiation, environmental impact.
Descripción
Palabras clave
UEB ¨George Washington¨, Villa Clara, Campo Termo Solar, Rendimiento Global, Radiación Solar, Impacto Ambiental