Heterorhabditis indica, una alternativa para el control biológico de Boophilus microplus
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Fecha
2012-07-09
Autores
Carvajal Ciomina, Elena
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Universidad Central ´´Marta Abreu´´ de Las Villas
Resumen
Se estudió la susceptibilidad de la garrapata Boophilus microplus (Canestrini), plaga del ganado vacuno, en los estados larval y adulto, frente al nematodo Heterorhabditis indica Poinar a nivel de laboratorio. Se utilizó la especie Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) como hospedante para la reproducción masiva “in vivo” de nematodos. Para los experimentos en Boophilus microplus, en su estadío larval, se analizó el porcentaje de eclosión, y se aplicaron concentraciones de 100, 200 y 400 nematodos/garrapata con cinco réplicas por tratamiento. Para el estado adulto se aplicaron concentraciones de 25, 50, 75 y 100 nematodos/garrapata con diez réplicas por tratamiento. Se calculó el porcentaje de mortalidad en cada tratamiento, y el porcentaje de ovoposición para adultas. Para B. microplus (estado larval), los resultados arrojaron un 60% de mortalidad para el tratamiento de 100 nematodos/garrapata, mientras que para 400 nematodos/garrapata fue de un 80%. En el estado adulto, para la concentración de 25 nematodos/garrapata a las 168 horas, la mortalidad resultó ser del 90%, mientras que para 100 nematodos/garrapata fue de un 100%, con un porcentaje de ovoposición de 50% para ambos tratamientos. La CL50 para larvas fue de 62.5 ij3 y para adultos de 6,5 ij3. Los resultados indican una efectividad para el control de B. microplus, por lo que es posible el uso del nematodo H. indica para el control biológico de la garrapata B. microplus.
The susceptibility of the tick Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) pest of the bovine livestock, in the larval and mature states, was studied, front of entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis indica Poinar at laboratory level. The species Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was used as host for the massive reproduction "in vivo" of nematodes. For the experiments in B. microplus, in their larval stage the percentage of appearance was analyzed, and concentrations of 100, 200 and 400 nematodes/tick were applied with five replicas by treatment. For the mature state concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100 nematodes/tick were applied with ten replicas by treatment. The percentage of mortality was calculated in each treatment, and the ovoposition percentage for mature. For B. microplus (larval stage), the results threw 60% of mortality for the treatment of 100 nematodes/tick, while it stops 400 nematodes/tick it was of 80%. In the mature state, for the concentration of 25 nematodes/tick at the 168 hours, the mortality turned out to be of 90%, when used 100 nematodes/tick it was of 100%, with a percentage of ovoposition of 50% for both treatments. The CL50 for larvae was of 62.5 ij3 and for adults of 6,5 ij3. The results indicate an effectiveness for the control of B. microplus, for what is possible the use of the nematode H. indica for the biological control of the tick B. microplus.
The susceptibility of the tick Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) pest of the bovine livestock, in the larval and mature states, was studied, front of entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis indica Poinar at laboratory level. The species Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was used as host for the massive reproduction "in vivo" of nematodes. For the experiments in B. microplus, in their larval stage the percentage of appearance was analyzed, and concentrations of 100, 200 and 400 nematodes/tick were applied with five replicas by treatment. For the mature state concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100 nematodes/tick were applied with ten replicas by treatment. The percentage of mortality was calculated in each treatment, and the ovoposition percentage for mature. For B. microplus (larval stage), the results threw 60% of mortality for the treatment of 100 nematodes/tick, while it stops 400 nematodes/tick it was of 80%. In the mature state, for the concentration of 25 nematodes/tick at the 168 hours, the mortality turned out to be of 90%, when used 100 nematodes/tick it was of 100%, with a percentage of ovoposition of 50% for both treatments. The CL50 for larvae was of 62.5 ij3 and for adults of 6,5 ij3. The results indicate an effectiveness for the control of B. microplus, for what is possible the use of the nematode H. indica for the biological control of the tick B. microplus.
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Palabras clave
Boophilus Microplus, Heterorhabditis Indica, Control Biológico