Diseño de un humedal subsuperficial horizontal para el tratamiento de las aguas residuales oleosas en la Central Eléctrica fuel oil Santa Clara Industrial “Los Alevines”
Fecha
2014-06-25
Autores
Díaz Morales, Yeniffer de la Caridad
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
El presente trabajo está encaminado a diseñar un humedal subsuperficial horizontal para el tratamiento de las aguas oleosas en la Central Eléctrica fuel oil Santa Clara Industrial “Los Alevines”. Primeramente, se evaluó un humedal experimental a escala de laboratorio, el cual presentó eficiencias de remoción de DQO mayores que 77% y de grasas y aceites por encima de 87%. Se obtuvo el modelo cinético para la remoción de DQO, siendo el modelo de saturación el que mejor se ajustó a los datos experimentales obtenidos y obteniéndose las constantes de dicho modelo (K=138,9 mg/Lh y k=4,06 mg/L). Con las constantes obtenidas se realizó el diseño de un humedal subsuperficial horizontal para el tratamiento de las aguas residuales de la Central Eléctrica, colocado después de un tratamiento primario ya existente en
la entidad. Se obtuvo un área necesaria para la remoción de DQO de 60 m2, proponiéndose dos celdas de 1,5 m de ancho por 20 m de largo. Finalmente se realizó la evaluación económica del sistema propuesto, demostrándose la factibilidad del mismo con un VAN de $53452 y una TIR de 91%, recuperándose la inversión antes de los dos años de la puesta en funcionamiento.
The present research is focus to design of a horizontal subsurface wetland for the treatment of oil waters in the plant for generating electric power “Santa Clara Industrial Los Alevines”. First, an experimental laboratory-scale wetland was evaluated, which presented COD removal efficiencies greater than 77% and fats and oils removal efficiencies above 87%. Kinetic model for COD removal was obtained, the saturation model which best fit the experimental data and was obtained the model constants (K = 138.9 mg / L h and k = 4.06 mg / L). The design of a horizontal subsurface flow wetland for oil wastewater treatment in the plant for generating electric power was carried out, using the constants obtained in experimental laboratory-scale wetland; the wetland was placed after an existing primary treatment in the plant. Area required for COD removal of 60 m2 was obtained, proposing two cells of 15 m width by 20 m length. Finally an economic assessment of a proposed system was performed, indicating the viability of the same one, with a VAN of $53 452 and a TIR of 91%. The investment can recover before two years of operation.
The present research is focus to design of a horizontal subsurface wetland for the treatment of oil waters in the plant for generating electric power “Santa Clara Industrial Los Alevines”. First, an experimental laboratory-scale wetland was evaluated, which presented COD removal efficiencies greater than 77% and fats and oils removal efficiencies above 87%. Kinetic model for COD removal was obtained, the saturation model which best fit the experimental data and was obtained the model constants (K = 138.9 mg / L h and k = 4.06 mg / L). The design of a horizontal subsurface flow wetland for oil wastewater treatment in the plant for generating electric power was carried out, using the constants obtained in experimental laboratory-scale wetland; the wetland was placed after an existing primary treatment in the plant. Area required for COD removal of 60 m2 was obtained, proposing two cells of 15 m width by 20 m length. Finally an economic assessment of a proposed system was performed, indicating the viability of the same one, with a VAN of $53 452 and a TIR of 91%. The investment can recover before two years of operation.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales, Wastewater Treatment, Aguas Residuales, Waste Water, Residuos Industriales, Industrial Waste, Residuos, Waste Products