“Toma de decisiones en adolescentes con Trastornos de Conducta de las provincias de Villa Clara y Camagüey”
Fecha
2015-06-22
Autores
Díaz de la Hoz, Leyanet
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
La presente investigación se efectuó sobre la base de un estudio no experimental de tipo transversal y con alcance descriptivo, desde el paradigma cuantitativo, durante el período de octubre 2014 y mayo 2015. Con el objetivo de caracterizar el proceso de toma de decisiones en adolescentes con trastornos de conducta, la muestra estuvo integrada por dos grupos, uno de 96 sujetos que cumplían con los criterios diagnósticos del trastorno de conducta, y otro de control no experimental integrado por 96 individuos con comportamiento prosocial. En total se evaluaron 192 adolescentes residentes en las provincias de Villa Clara y Camagüey, todos del sexo masculino y cuyo rango de edad oscila entre los 12 y 15 años.
La evaluación neuropsicológica del proceso estuvo sustentada en una batería de pruebas automatizadas contenidas en el Psychology Experiment Building Language 0.14 (PEBL), específicamente el Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Además, para obtener los datos sociodemográficos de la muestra explorada se empleó la entrevista semiestructurada.
El procesamiento de los datos se realizó utilizando técnicas contenidas en el paquete estadístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versión 21. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan dificultades en el proceso de toma de decisiones del grupo de estudio, debido a la tendencia de seleccionar opciones que implican riesgos por encima de ganancias estables a largo plazo. Este grupo expresa una tendencia hacia las elecciones desventajosas, sin realizar un análisis de las consecuencias futuras, mientras que el grupo de control muestra un rendimiento adecuado en el índice general de toma de decisiones.
This research was conducted on the basis of a non-experimental and cross-sectional study with descriptive scope, from the quantitative paradigm, during the period October 2014 to May 2015. In order to characterize the process of decision making in adolescents’ behavioral disorders, the sample consisted of two groups, one of 96 subjects who met the diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder, and other non-experimental control composed of 96 individuals with prosocial behavior. In total 192 adolescents were assessed residents in the provinces of Villa Clara and Camagüey, all male, whose age range between 12 and 15 years. Neuropsychological assessment process was conducted using the Psychology Experiment Building Language 0.14 (PEBL), specifically the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Also, for the sociodemographic data of the sample scanned semi-structured interview was used. The data processing was performed using techniques contained in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The results reflect difficulties in the process of decision making of the study group, because of the tendency to select options that involve risks over the long-term stable earnings. This group expresses a tendency toward disadvantageous elections without an analysis of the future consequences, while the control group shows an adequate return on the overall rate of decision making.
This research was conducted on the basis of a non-experimental and cross-sectional study with descriptive scope, from the quantitative paradigm, during the period October 2014 to May 2015. In order to characterize the process of decision making in adolescents’ behavioral disorders, the sample consisted of two groups, one of 96 subjects who met the diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder, and other non-experimental control composed of 96 individuals with prosocial behavior. In total 192 adolescents were assessed residents in the provinces of Villa Clara and Camagüey, all male, whose age range between 12 and 15 years. Neuropsychological assessment process was conducted using the Psychology Experiment Building Language 0.14 (PEBL), specifically the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Also, for the sociodemographic data of the sample scanned semi-structured interview was used. The data processing was performed using techniques contained in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The results reflect difficulties in the process of decision making of the study group, because of the tendency to select options that involve risks over the long-term stable earnings. This group expresses a tendency toward disadvantageous elections without an analysis of the future consequences, while the control group shows an adequate return on the overall rate of decision making.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Toma de Decisiones, Adolescencia, Trastornos de Conducta y el Iowa Gambling Task, Decision Making, Adolescence, Behavioral Disorders, Iowa Gambling Task