Evaluación de yacimientos arcillosos cubanos como fuente de materia prima para la producción de aglomerantes con altos volúmenes de sustitución de clínquer
Fecha
2015-07-05
Autores
Méndez Herrada, Iliané
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados obtenidos para la evaluación de la
influencia de las características químicas y mineralógicas de las arcillas caoliníticas
procedentes de los yacimientos cubanos Cayo Guam, La Loma, Loma Sur y Manifestación
Yaguajay en su utilización como materia prima para la obtención de puzolanas de alta
reactividad, capaces de ser empleadas en la formulación de cementos con altos
volúmenes de sustitución del clínquer. Las materias primas fueron caracterizadas
mediante DRX, FRX y ATG. La calcinación de las acillas se realizó a una temperatura de
850˚C. La evaluación de la reactividad puzolánica se realizó mediante ensayos de
Calorimetría Isotérmica en pastas y resistencia mecánica en morteros con un 30% de
sustitución de CPO por arcillas calcinadas. Además se evaluó el comportamiento físicomecánico de cementos de altos volúmenes de sustitución del clínquer (LC3) con una
proporción uniforme para todas las series de un 30% de arcilla, 15% de caliza, 6% de yeso
y 49% de clínquer. Para los morteros con un 30% de sustitución del CPO por arcilla
calcinada, todos los valores de resistencia a la compresión alcanzados son ligeramente
inferiores en comparación con la serie de control, excepto para la serie con incorporación
de los productos de calcinación de la arcilla de Cayo Guam a la edad de 7 días. Para los
morteros elaborados con cemento LC3 solo las series de Cayo Guam y Loma Sur superan
la serie de control a la edad de 28 días y solamente Cayo Guam la supera a la edad de 7
días. Entre todos los materiales evaluados, el producto de calcinación de la arcilla de Cayo
Guam exhibe la mayor reactividad puzolánica. De acuerdo a resultados obtenidos por el
método del minicono, en todos los casos la mayor fluidez se muestra en las series
elaboradas con los productos de calcinación de la arcilla de Yaguajay.
In this paper are offered the results obtained for evaluating the influence of chemical and mineralogical characteristics of kaolin clays, from the Cuban fields of Cayo Guam, La Loma, Loma Sur and Manifestación Yaguajay, in its use as raw material for producing pozzolans of high reactivity, capable of being used in the formulation of cements with high volumes of substitution of clinker. The raw materials were characterized by XRD, XRF and TGA. The calcination process of the clay material was performed at a temperature of 850 °C. The evaluation of the pozzolanic reactivity testing was performed using Isothermal Calorimetry on pastes and mechanical strength in mortar with 30% replacement of OPC by calcined clays. In addition, it was executed an evaluation of the physical-mechanical behaviour of cements with high volumes of clinker substitution (LC3) with a uniform proportion for all series with a 30% of clay, 15% of limestone, gypsum 6% and 49% of clinker ratio. For all the mortars with a 30% replacement of CPO by calcined clay, all achieved values of compressive strength are slightly lower compared to the control series, except for the sequence with incorporation of calcined clay products from Cayo Guam at the age of 7 days. For the mortars made with cement LC3, only the series from Cayo Guam and Loma Sur exceed the control series at the age of 28 days and only Cayo Guam surpasses it at the age of 7 days. Of all the materials tested, the calcination product of the clay of Cayo Guam presents the biggest pozzolanic reactivity. According to the results obtained by the method of mini-cone, in all cases the greatest fluidity is seen in the series elaborated with the calcination products of clays from Yaguajay.
In this paper are offered the results obtained for evaluating the influence of chemical and mineralogical characteristics of kaolin clays, from the Cuban fields of Cayo Guam, La Loma, Loma Sur and Manifestación Yaguajay, in its use as raw material for producing pozzolans of high reactivity, capable of being used in the formulation of cements with high volumes of substitution of clinker. The raw materials were characterized by XRD, XRF and TGA. The calcination process of the clay material was performed at a temperature of 850 °C. The evaluation of the pozzolanic reactivity testing was performed using Isothermal Calorimetry on pastes and mechanical strength in mortar with 30% replacement of OPC by calcined clays. In addition, it was executed an evaluation of the physical-mechanical behaviour of cements with high volumes of clinker substitution (LC3) with a uniform proportion for all series with a 30% of clay, 15% of limestone, gypsum 6% and 49% of clinker ratio. For all the mortars with a 30% replacement of CPO by calcined clay, all achieved values of compressive strength are slightly lower compared to the control series, except for the sequence with incorporation of calcined clay products from Cayo Guam at the age of 7 days. For the mortars made with cement LC3, only the series from Cayo Guam and Loma Sur exceed the control series at the age of 28 days and only Cayo Guam surpasses it at the age of 7 days. Of all the materials tested, the calcination product of the clay of Cayo Guam presents the biggest pozzolanic reactivity. According to the results obtained by the method of mini-cone, in all cases the greatest fluidity is seen in the series elaborated with the calcination products of clays from Yaguajay.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Yacimientos Arcillosos Cubanos, Producción de Aglomerantes, Arcillas Caolinítica, Cayo Guama, Loma Sur, Manifestación Yaguajay, Puzolanas de Alta Reactividad, Cementos con Altos Volúmenes de Sustitución del Clínquer, Comportamiento Físicomecánico de Cementos de Altos Volúmenes, Clay, Behavior