Las desigualdades socioestructurales y el cuentapropismo en Santa Clara: una aproximación sociológica.
Fecha
2014-06-25
Autores
García Rojas, Yasiel
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Editor
Univerisdad Central "Martha Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
La reapertura y ampliación del trabajo por cuenta propia a partir de 2010, condujo a la expresión actual de una actividad económica con una marcada composición heterogénea respecto a determinados elementos estructurales y la configuración de una identidad expresada en estilos de vida donde el consumo material representa un rasgo distintivo de su posición social a partir de su estatus económico.
Bajo estas condiciones, se realizó esta investigación que tuvo como objetivo analizar las desigualdades socioestructurales de los cuentapropistas del municipio de Santa Clara, atendiendo a las características socioeconómicas de estos actores, la estructura socioclasista que los agrupa, sus percepciones sociales respecto a las desigualdades socioestructurales y el diagnóstico de dichas desigualdades en este sector.
En la investigación se aplicaron como métodos y técnica el análisis de documentos, la encuesta y la escala de Likert. Se trabajó con una muestra de 200 cuentapropistas y el procesamiento de los resultados se realizó mediante el SPSS1 y el análisis de contenido.
Los resultados muestran la manifestación de un conjunto de desigualdades socioestructurales como producto del marcado carácter heterogéneo y diferenciador que caracteriza a los cuentapropistas del municipio, la existencia de profundas diferencias en torno a la participación y la toma de decisiones dentro de las actividades que genera la consolidación de determinadas relaciones de poder y la percepción de altos niveles de ingresos y consumo material como elementos determinantes en la configuración del estatus y el prestigio social.
Both the reopening and the expansion of the cuentapropismo since 2010 lead to an economic activity with a highlighted heterogenic configuration with regard to determined structural foundations. The background of an identity revealed in lifestyles where being part of the consumer society denotes a distinctive characteristic of the social position through the economic status. This investigation, which was made under the circumstances previously mentioned, has as an objective to analyze the socio-structural inequalities among the cuentapropistas of Santa Clara’s municipality. All of this attending the socioeconomic characteristics of these individuals, the socio-classist structure that groups them together, their social perceptions with regard to the socio-structural inequalities and diagnose the dissimilarities in this sector. There were used several methods and techniques through this research: The document analysis, the survey and the Likert scale. As a sample there were chosen 200 cuentapropistas. The data processing was made through the SPSS2 and the content analysis. The results expose a set of socio-structural inequalities as a product of the emphasized heterogenic and differential nature that characterizes the cuentapropismo in Santa Clara. The deep differences regarding the decisions taken within each of the activities that settle determined certain authority relations, on the other hand, the perception of high salaries and consumerism as determinant factors in the constitution of status and social prestige.
Both the reopening and the expansion of the cuentapropismo since 2010 lead to an economic activity with a highlighted heterogenic configuration with regard to determined structural foundations. The background of an identity revealed in lifestyles where being part of the consumer society denotes a distinctive characteristic of the social position through the economic status. This investigation, which was made under the circumstances previously mentioned, has as an objective to analyze the socio-structural inequalities among the cuentapropistas of Santa Clara’s municipality. All of this attending the socioeconomic characteristics of these individuals, the socio-classist structure that groups them together, their social perceptions with regard to the socio-structural inequalities and diagnose the dissimilarities in this sector. There were used several methods and techniques through this research: The document analysis, the survey and the Likert scale. As a sample there were chosen 200 cuentapropistas. The data processing was made through the SPSS2 and the content analysis. The results expose a set of socio-structural inequalities as a product of the emphasized heterogenic and differential nature that characterizes the cuentapropismo in Santa Clara. The deep differences regarding the decisions taken within each of the activities that settle determined certain authority relations, on the other hand, the perception of high salaries and consumerism as determinant factors in the constitution of status and social prestige.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Desigualdad Sociocultural, Percepción Social, Estructura Sococlasista, Cuentapropismo