Monitoreo de la corrosión inducida por penetración de cloruros. Método de la macrocelda
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Fecha
2018-06
Autores
Carrero Mateus, José Félix
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Ingeniería Civil.
Resumen
Los áridos reciclados constituyen un importante aporte al desarrollo socioeconómico con respecto al agotamiento de los recursos no renovables, donde los áridos representan aproximadamente el 60-75% de la mezcla de hormigón y pueden ser reutilizados. La producción de hormigones con áridos reciclados conlleva a un aumento en la consistencia y la absorción para una misma relación agua-cemento. Se empleó la técnica del encapsulamiento de la fracción de 5-9mm en áridos para estudiar las mejoras que tienen los hormigones producidos con áridos reciclados. Los hormigones armados se ven afectada durante su vida por el fenómeno de la corrosión, esta reacción sufrida en las barras de acero es ocasionada por el proceso de penetración de cloruros. Los Cloruros penetran en el hormigón destruyendo la capa protectora que cubre al acero y provocando una pequeña zona anódica con relación a la catódica, las condiciones desfavorables de la superficie producen una profunda y acelerada penetración de la corrosión en el acero de refuerzo. La presencia de cloruros en el concreto puede provenir de sus componentes como en el cemento, agua, agregados, aditivos o también en el ambiente. El componente del cemento que reacciona con los iones de cloruro es el Aluminato tricálcico (C3A), formando Cloro aluminato cálcico lo cual provoca la disminución del pH provocando el medio ácido que genera la corrosión. En el presente trabajo estudiaremos el comportamiento de los aceros dentro del hormigón producido con áridos reciclados y cemento P-35 ante la penetración de cloruros. Se aplicará el método de la Macrocelda para evaluar en tiempo real y condiciones controladas el estudio de la corrosión en especímenes de hormigón armado con áridos reciclados y cemento P- 35. Mediante el método desarrollado de la Macrocelda podríamos calcular el potencial de media celda, la densidad de corriente dentro del circuito entre las barras de acero y la caída óhmica.
Recycled aggregates constitute an important contribution to the socioeconomic development with regard to the exhaustion of non-renewable resources, where aggregates approximately represent 60-75% of the concrete mixture and can be reused. The production of concretes with recycled aggregate leads to a reduction of its consistency and an increase of the absorption for the same water-cement ratio. The technique of the encapsulation of the fraction of 5-9 mm of recycled aggregates was used to study the improvements of the concretes elaborated with it. Reinforced concretes are affected by the phenomenon of corrosion during their life, this reaction suffered in the steel bars often is caused by the process of penetration of chlorides. The chlorides penetrate into the concrete and destroy the protection layer which covers the steel, causing a small anodic area with relationship to the cathodic one. The unfavorable conditions of the surface produce a deep and quick penetration of the corrosion in the reinforcement. The presence of chlorides in concretes can arise from its components for example in the cement, water, aggregates, admixtures or also from the atmosphere. The component of the cement which reacts with the ions of chloride is the tricalcium aluminate (C3A), forming calcium aluminate chlorine which causes the decrease of the pH causing the acid ambient which generates the corrosion. In the presented work the behavior of steel in concrete produced with and P-35 (CEM I), where common aggregates are replaced by recycled aggregates) is studied with regard to chloride penetration. The macrocell method is applied to evaluate the behavior of the corrosion in reinforced concrete samples with recycled aggregate and P-35 in real time and controlled condition the behavior. The developed method of the Macrocell enable to calculate the half-cell potential, the current density inside the circuit between the steel bars and the ohm resistance.
Recycled aggregates constitute an important contribution to the socioeconomic development with regard to the exhaustion of non-renewable resources, where aggregates approximately represent 60-75% of the concrete mixture and can be reused. The production of concretes with recycled aggregate leads to a reduction of its consistency and an increase of the absorption for the same water-cement ratio. The technique of the encapsulation of the fraction of 5-9 mm of recycled aggregates was used to study the improvements of the concretes elaborated with it. Reinforced concretes are affected by the phenomenon of corrosion during their life, this reaction suffered in the steel bars often is caused by the process of penetration of chlorides. The chlorides penetrate into the concrete and destroy the protection layer which covers the steel, causing a small anodic area with relationship to the cathodic one. The unfavorable conditions of the surface produce a deep and quick penetration of the corrosion in the reinforcement. The presence of chlorides in concretes can arise from its components for example in the cement, water, aggregates, admixtures or also from the atmosphere. The component of the cement which reacts with the ions of chloride is the tricalcium aluminate (C3A), forming calcium aluminate chlorine which causes the decrease of the pH causing the acid ambient which generates the corrosion. In the presented work the behavior of steel in concrete produced with and P-35 (CEM I), where common aggregates are replaced by recycled aggregates) is studied with regard to chloride penetration. The macrocell method is applied to evaluate the behavior of the corrosion in reinforced concrete samples with recycled aggregate and P-35 in real time and controlled condition the behavior. The developed method of the Macrocell enable to calculate the half-cell potential, the current density inside the circuit between the steel bars and the ohm resistance.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Áridos Reciclados, Corrosión, Macrocelda, Hormigón Armado, Aluminato tricálcico (C3A), Recycled Aggregates, Corrosion, Macrocell