Estudio de la obtención de alcohol etílico a partir de sorgo
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Fecha
2015-06-25
Autores
Alemán Hurtado, Lenier
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Editor
Universidad Cetral "Marta Abreu " de Las Villas
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se realizó un estudio preliminar para la obtención de alcohol
a partir de sorgo, como respuesta a la necesidad de estudiar otras materias primas
para la obtención de alcohol por vía fermentativa, ya que se evidencia una crisis
en el sector de los combustibles fósiles, por la incertidumbre de su desaparición.
Para ello primeramente se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica sobre el proceso
de obtención de alcohol por vía fermentativa para las diferentes materias primas
utilizadas, prestando particular atención a los cereales y a los métodos de
sacarificación de los mismos. En la realización de los experimentos se utilizó la
variedad de sorgo UDG-110, el cual fue germinado, para obtener una malta a
partir del propio grano, para usarse como agente sacarifricante en la hidrólisis
combinada con tratamiento ácido y enzimático. Durante el estudio de la hidrólisis
se tuvieron en cuenta diferentes variables como son: la concentración de ácido,
concentración de malta y presión. Los resultados reportaron que la variable
independiente de mayor significación en todas las variables respuesta medidas,
es la concentración de ácido, seguida por la concentración de la malta en la
mezcla y con menor significación la parte de tratamiento a presión. Los resultados
finales obtenidos son comparables con los obtenidos con malta de cebada de
cervecería empleada como muestra patrón.
Presently work was carried out a preliminary study for the obtaining of alcohol starting from sorghum, as answer to the necessity of studying other matters cousins for the obtaining of alcohol for fermentation route, since a crisis is evidenced in the sector of the fossil fuels, for the uncertainty of its disappearance. For it firstly was carried out a bibliographical revision on the process of obtaining of alcohol for fermentation route for the different matters used cousins, paying particular attention to the cereals and the methods of saccharification of the same ones. In the realization of the experiments the sorghum variety UDG-110 was used, which was germinated, to obtain a malt starting from the own grain, to be used as enzymatic agent in the hydrolysis combined with sour and enzymatic treatment. During the study of the hydrolysis they were kept in mind different variables as they are: the acid concentration, concentration of malt and pressure. The results reported that the independent variable of more significance in all the measured variable answer is the acid concentration, continued by the concentration of the malt in the mixture and with smaller significance the treatment part to pressure. The obtained final results are comparable with those obtained with malt of brewery barley used as sample pattern.
Presently work was carried out a preliminary study for the obtaining of alcohol starting from sorghum, as answer to the necessity of studying other matters cousins for the obtaining of alcohol for fermentation route, since a crisis is evidenced in the sector of the fossil fuels, for the uncertainty of its disappearance. For it firstly was carried out a bibliographical revision on the process of obtaining of alcohol for fermentation route for the different matters used cousins, paying particular attention to the cereals and the methods of saccharification of the same ones. In the realization of the experiments the sorghum variety UDG-110 was used, which was germinated, to obtain a malt starting from the own grain, to be used as enzymatic agent in the hydrolysis combined with sour and enzymatic treatment. During the study of the hydrolysis they were kept in mind different variables as they are: the acid concentration, concentration of malt and pressure. The results reported that the independent variable of more significance in all the measured variable answer is the acid concentration, continued by the concentration of the malt in the mixture and with smaller significance the treatment part to pressure. The obtained final results are comparable with those obtained with malt of brewery barley used as sample pattern.
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Palabras clave
Sacarificación, Hidrólisis, Material amiláceo., Sorghum, Etanol, Ethanol