Estudio de utilización de medicamentos en la etapa preoperatoria de la cirugía de revascularización coronaria en el Centro de Cirugía Cardiovascular "Ernesto Guevara” de Villa Clara
Fecha
2019
Autores
González Fernández, María Laura
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Licenciatura en Ciencias Farmacéuticas
Resumen
Se realizó un estudio de utilización de medicamentos, observacional de tipo retrospectivo (enero-2017- diciembre de 2018) para evaluar la utilización de medicamentos en la etapa preoperatoria de los pacientes que serían sometidos a cirugía de revascularización coronaria en el Centro de Cirugía Cardiovascular “Ernesto Guevara” de Villa Clara, que incluyo 91 pacientes. Se caracterizaron los pacientes según variables epidemiológicas y factores de riesgo. Se analizaron las reacciones adversas e interacciones medicamentosas potenciales de la terapia empleada y la posible relación existente entre los problemas originados por la medicación de la cardiopatía isquémica en el preoperatorio y las complicaciones reportadas. Se encontró que los factores de riesgo más relevantes para los pacientes fueron ser del sexo masculino, ser mayor de 50 años en el sexo femenino, la presencia de hipertensión arterial, el consumo de café y los trastornos renales. No se detectaron problemas de dosificación. Se encontraron 15 (68, 2%) casos de reacciones adversas siendo las de mayores incidencias el insomnio, la tos y el estreñimiento, en ese mismo orden. En cuanto a las contraindicaciones: se detectó un paciente con hipotiroidismo al cual se le indicó amiodarona. Se encontraron 19 (86,4%) interacciones medicamentosas relacionadas a complicaciones, las de mayor frecuencia fueron: disnea, bradicardia, hipotensión e insomnio. Las complicaciones presentes pueden estar potencialmente asociadas a interacciones medicamentosas y a reacciones adversas
A retrospective observational drug use study was carried out (January-2017- December 2018) to evaluate the use of drugs in the preoperative stage of patients who would undergo coronary artery bypass surgery at the Cardiovascular Surgery Center. Ernesto Guevara "from Villa Clara, which included 91 patients. The patients were characterized according to epidemiological variables and risk factors. We analyzed the adverse reactions and potential drug interactions of the therapy used and the possible relationship between the problems caused by the medication of ischemic heart disease in the preoperative period and the reported complications. It was found that the most relevant risk factors for the patients were male, being over 50 years old in the female sex, the presence of high blood pressure, coffee consumption and kidney disorders. No dosing problems were detected. 15 (68, 2%) cases of adverse reactions were found, with insomnia, cough and constipation being the most frequent, in the same order. Regarding the contraindications: a patient with hypothyroidism was detected to which amiodarone was indicated. There were 19 (86.4%) drug interactions related to complications, the most frequent were: dyspnea, bradycardia, hypotension and insomnia. The present complications may be potentially associated with drug interactions and adverse reactions.
A retrospective observational drug use study was carried out (January-2017- December 2018) to evaluate the use of drugs in the preoperative stage of patients who would undergo coronary artery bypass surgery at the Cardiovascular Surgery Center. Ernesto Guevara "from Villa Clara, which included 91 patients. The patients were characterized according to epidemiological variables and risk factors. We analyzed the adverse reactions and potential drug interactions of the therapy used and the possible relationship between the problems caused by the medication of ischemic heart disease in the preoperative period and the reported complications. It was found that the most relevant risk factors for the patients were male, being over 50 years old in the female sex, the presence of high blood pressure, coffee consumption and kidney disorders. No dosing problems were detected. 15 (68, 2%) cases of adverse reactions were found, with insomnia, cough and constipation being the most frequent, in the same order. Regarding the contraindications: a patient with hypothyroidism was detected to which amiodarone was indicated. There were 19 (86.4%) drug interactions related to complications, the most frequent were: dyspnea, bradycardia, hypotension and insomnia. The present complications may be potentially associated with drug interactions and adverse reactions.
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Palabras clave
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Terapia Farmacológica, Industria Farmacéutica, Centro de Cirugía Cardiovascular “Ernesto Guevara", Servicios Farmacéuticos, Interacciones de Drogas