Estudio de factibilidad técnico-financiero de las alternativas de inversión para la industria cementera cubana a corto, mediano y largo plazo
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Fecha
2015-06-24
Autores
Ramírez Pérez, Jany
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
El cemento es un material indispensable en el desarrollo de los países. Sin embargo, esta industria es responsable de altos niveles de contaminación a nivel global. Para mitigar este efecto negativo la industria cementera ha desarrollado diversas estrategias dentro de las cuales la disminución del contenido de clínquer ha demostrado ser la más efectiva. El Cemento de Bajo Carbono (LC3, por sus siglas en inglés), es un nuevo tipo de cemento con 45% de sustitución de clínquer que utiliza una combinación de arcilla caolinítica y caliza.
Por otra parte, la industria cubana de cemento necesita ser modernizada para satisfacer los niveles de demanda actual de este bien. Además, otros fenómenos se presentan como la descapitalización, ineficiencia productiva, entre otros hacen necesaria la recapitalización de este sector. Para ello, la búsqueda de fuentes de financiamiento resulta clave. En el contexto actual de la economía cubana se vislumbran diversas opciones para financiar inversiones capitales y la inversión extranjera es una de las más importantes.
En el presente trabajo de diploma se realiza una proyección de las capacidades productivas cementeras para diversos escenarios del despliegue inversionista cubano a través de un análisis técnico- financiero de factibilidad. Todas las alternativas evaluadas resultan factibles desde el punto de vista financiero pero ambientalmente solo es factible la introducción del LC3
Cement is a manmade material to reach development in every country. Although, this industry is responsible of high pollution levels at global scale. To mitigate this negative effect, cement industry has developed several strategies. From all this strategies it’s proven that reduction of the clinker ratio is the most effective one. Low Carbon Cement (LC3) is a new type of cement with 45% of clinker substitution by using a combination of kaolinite clay and limestone. On the other hand, Cuban cement industry needs updated technology to satisfy growing demand. Also, other phenomenon like de-capitalization, low productive efficiency, among others make a real need the capital investment in this sector. To reach that, the search of financial sources is the key. In Cuban present context, several options for investment are foreseen like foreign capital investment. This Bachelor thesis a projection of the cement productive capacities in several scenarios of investment in Cuba is developed. For that, a technic and financial assessment is made. As main result, all the alternatives are feasible from an environmental point of view but financially only LC3 introduction is feasible.
Cement is a manmade material to reach development in every country. Although, this industry is responsible of high pollution levels at global scale. To mitigate this negative effect, cement industry has developed several strategies. From all this strategies it’s proven that reduction of the clinker ratio is the most effective one. Low Carbon Cement (LC3) is a new type of cement with 45% of clinker substitution by using a combination of kaolinite clay and limestone. On the other hand, Cuban cement industry needs updated technology to satisfy growing demand. Also, other phenomenon like de-capitalization, low productive efficiency, among others make a real need the capital investment in this sector. To reach that, the search of financial sources is the key. In Cuban present context, several options for investment are foreseen like foreign capital investment. This Bachelor thesis a projection of the cement productive capacities in several scenarios of investment in Cuba is developed. For that, a technic and financial assessment is made. As main result, all the alternatives are feasible from an environmental point of view but financially only LC3 introduction is feasible.
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Palabras clave
Industria del Cemento, Factibilidad Técnico - Financiero, Perfil Medioambiental