El cementerio general de Santa Clara "San Juan de Dios", su valoración como componente esencial del patrimonio local
Fecha
2016-07-04
Autores
González Palacios, Elizabeth María
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Arquitectura
Resumen
Dentro de los objetivos establecidos para preservar el patrimonio tangible e intangible de Cuba debe incluirse el análisis de los espacios funerarios, así como de las costumbres vinculadas a esta práctica social, porque integran la identidad de cada una de las culturas a lo largo de historia.
Para caracterizar y valorar los diversos monumentos, conjuntos, elementos funerarios, objetos culturales y artísticos se desarrolla el presente trabajo de diploma por la importancia que tienen estos sitos dentro de los valores sociales de naciones y pueblos.
La falta de la debida atención y valoración de estos espacios provoca que se deterioren y pierdan obras con valor artístico-arquitectónico e histórico- social. La realidad demuestra el poco interés institucional del sector cultural hacia los cementerios y el patrimonio edificado e inmaterial de estos lugares que generalmente son considerados un servicio sanitario y se obvian sus valores socioculturales.
La presente investigación analiza los antecedentes de rituales funerarios y realiza un estudio evolutivo estilístico y tipológico urbano – arquitectónico de los cementerios, identificando los valores patrimoniales en el cementerio municipal de Santa Clara San Juan de Dios.
En la misma se caracteriza planimétrico y arquitectónicamente al cementerio de Santa Clara, a la vez que se efectúa la propuesta del cementerio como monumento local según la ley no.2. Ley de los Monumentos Nacionales y Locales, para llevar a cabo el cuidado y conservación de los elementos identificados con valores patrimoniales.
The analysis of the graveyards and and funereals spaces must be incorporated within the objectives settled to preserve the material and unmaterial heritage of Cuba, including the rituals and traditions respective to these social practices, because all of these are parts of the identity of each one of the cultures through the history. This work has being developed to characterize and estimate the monuments, funereals elements, cultural and artistic objects, within others, because the importance that this places and srtuctures have to the social values of nations and peoples. The lack of atention and estimation of these spaces provokes the damage and lost of masterpieces with a high artistic, architectural, social and historical value. The reality demonstrate the little interest that the cultural institutions have to protect the graveyards and the structural and unmaterial heritage of those places that are consider a sanitary service, putting away their social and cultural value. In this investigation we analized the past history of the funereal rituals, and we also studied the evolution of the architectural style and the urban “tipológico” of the gaveyards, identifying the heritage values of the Santa Claraʼs Municipal Cementery of San Juan de Dios. We characterize “planimetrica y arquitectónicamente” the Santa Claraʼs Municipal Cementery, and present a proposal with the intention of nominate this graveyard as a local monument, according to the Number 2 Act (“Ley de los monumentos nacionales y locales”), to take care and preserve the elements that can be distinguish because of the artistic, architectural, social and historical values that we identify.
The analysis of the graveyards and and funereals spaces must be incorporated within the objectives settled to preserve the material and unmaterial heritage of Cuba, including the rituals and traditions respective to these social practices, because all of these are parts of the identity of each one of the cultures through the history. This work has being developed to characterize and estimate the monuments, funereals elements, cultural and artistic objects, within others, because the importance that this places and srtuctures have to the social values of nations and peoples. The lack of atention and estimation of these spaces provokes the damage and lost of masterpieces with a high artistic, architectural, social and historical value. The reality demonstrate the little interest that the cultural institutions have to protect the graveyards and the structural and unmaterial heritage of those places that are consider a sanitary service, putting away their social and cultural value. In this investigation we analized the past history of the funereal rituals, and we also studied the evolution of the architectural style and the urban “tipológico” of the gaveyards, identifying the heritage values of the Santa Claraʼs Municipal Cementery of San Juan de Dios. We characterize “planimetrica y arquitectónicamente” the Santa Claraʼs Municipal Cementery, and present a proposal with the intention of nominate this graveyard as a local monument, according to the Number 2 Act (“Ley de los monumentos nacionales y locales”), to take care and preserve the elements that can be distinguish because of the artistic, architectural, social and historical values that we identify.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Cementerio General de Santa Clara “San Juan de Dios”, Análisis de los Espacios Funerarios, Estudio Evolutivo Estilístico del Cementerio, Estudio Tipológico Urbano del Cementerio, Valores Patrimoniales, Monumento Local, Cemeteries, Analysis