Síntesis e integración de tecnologías de producción de etanol y otros productos a partir de caña de azúcar
Fecha
2016-06
Autores
Herrera Álvarez, Suleidys
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Química Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se realiza una síntesis e integración de esquemas de producción de alcohol y otros productos derivados de la caña de azúcar, para lograr procesos integrados más eficientes desde el punto de vista técnico y económico, con ahorro de los recursos materiales y energéticos. Se considera como materia prima principal la caña de azúcar y los subproductos que de ella se generan. Debido a las grandes potencialidades que presenta la industria azucarera y sus derivados, se evaluaron seis escenarios de integración que incluyen la producción de azúcar, la producción de alcohol de primera y segunda generación y coproductos tales como: furfural y lignina, la obtención de levadura torula y la recuperación del CO2. Se realizaron los balances de masa y energía para cada proceso involucrado, determinando así los consumos de las principales corrientes como son el agua, el vapor, la miel, el bagazo, las vinazas y el hidrolizado de bagazo. Se demostró que el escenario con mayor consumo de vapor, miel y bagazo es el uno que comprende la fábrica de azúcar convencional, la obtención de alcohol a partir de miel y la obtención de levadura torula a partir de las vinazas. El análisis exergético realizado fue dividido para su estudio en 10 subsistemas, determinándose la eficiencia y las pérdidas exergéticas. Se analizaron económicamente los escenarios estudiados obteniendo que el escenario cinco es de mayor factibilidad técnico económica con un VAN de $ 61 548 033, una TIR de 84% y un PRD de 2 años.
In this paper a synthesis and integration schemes alcohol production and other products derived from sugarcane, for more efficient integrated processes from the point of technically and economically, saving material and energy resources are done. It is considered as the main raw material and sugar cane byproducts that are generated from it. Because of the great potentialities of the sugar industry and its derivatives six integration scenarios including sugar production, alcohol production of first and second generation and coproducts such as furfural, lignin, torula yeast and CO2 recovery. The mass and energy balances were performed for each process involved, thus determining the consumption of the main currents such as water, steam, molasses, bagasse, stillage and bagasse hydrolyzate. It was shown that the scenario more steam consumption, molasses and bagasse is the one comprising conventional sugar plant, obtaining alcohol from molasses and obtaining torula yeast from stillage. The exergetic analysis was divided for study in 10 subsystems, determining efficiency and exergetic losses. The scenarios analyzed are economically getting to the scenario five is more technical economic feasibility with an NPV of $ 61 548 033, an IRR of 84% and PRD 2 years.
In this paper a synthesis and integration schemes alcohol production and other products derived from sugarcane, for more efficient integrated processes from the point of technically and economically, saving material and energy resources are done. It is considered as the main raw material and sugar cane byproducts that are generated from it. Because of the great potentialities of the sugar industry and its derivatives six integration scenarios including sugar production, alcohol production of first and second generation and coproducts such as furfural, lignin, torula yeast and CO2 recovery. The mass and energy balances were performed for each process involved, thus determining the consumption of the main currents such as water, steam, molasses, bagasse, stillage and bagasse hydrolyzate. It was shown that the scenario more steam consumption, molasses and bagasse is the one comprising conventional sugar plant, obtaining alcohol from molasses and obtaining torula yeast from stillage. The exergetic analysis was divided for study in 10 subsystems, determining efficiency and exergetic losses. The scenarios analyzed are economically getting to the scenario five is more technical economic feasibility with an NPV of $ 61 548 033, an IRR of 84% and PRD 2 years.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Integración Energética, Caña de Azúcar, Producción de Alcohol, Industria Azucarera