Ejercicios físicos para incrementar la capacidad vital en instrumentistas de viento - metal del nivel elemental
Fecha
2013-06-15
Autores
Romero Águila, William Fernando
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Editor
Universidad de Ciencias de la Cultura Física y el Deporte "Manuel Fajardo".
Resumen
La capacidad vital es la máxima cantidad de aire que puede expulsar una persona de los pulmones después de una inspiración máxima y espirando al máximo de sus posibilidades. En la preparación general de los instrumentistas de viento-metal se realizan ejercicios de respiración (inspiración y espiración) para mejorar su capacidad vital, pero no se emplean ejercicios físicos dirigidos a fortalecer los músculos inspiradores y espiradores para influir, en un corto período de tiempo y con un máximo de eficacia, en el desarrollo de dicha capacidad. Lo anterior conduce al Problema Científico: ¿Cómo contribuir a incrementar la capacidad vital de los estudiantes de instrumentos de viento-metal del nivel elemental de la Escuela Vocacional de Arte “Olga Alonso” de Villa Clara? Fueron Objetivos de la investigación: Diagnosticar la capacidad vital en los alumnos de instrumentos de viento-metal. Seleccionar los ejercicios físicos para el aumento de la capacidad vital. Evaluar la influencia de los ejercicios físicos en el aumento de la capacidad vital. En la investigación participaron los siete alumnos del nivel elemental y los tres profesores que integran la Cátedra de Viento-metal en la Escuela Vocacional de Arte “Olga Alonso” de Villa Clara. Los Métodos empleados fueron el análisis y la síntesis, la deducción y la inducción, la revisión documental, la entrevista, la medición, el experimento y el Coeficiente de Correlación de Rangos de Spearman. En los Resultados, se comprobó la estrecha relación que existe entre el desarrollo de los músculos que participan en la respiración y la capacidad vital, también se pudo constatar que, mediante la incorporación de ejercicios físicos en la preparación general de los estudiantes, se incrementó la capacidad vital en todos los sujetos investigados, lo que repercute de forma positiva en la ejecución técnica de los instrumentos de viento-metal.
The vital capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after first filling the lungs to their maximum extent and then expiring to the maximum extent. In the general preparation of the instrumentalists of wind- metal, they make exercises of respiration (inspiration and expiration) for improving their vital capacity, but they do not practice physical exercise, directed to strengthen the muscles that participate during the process of the inspiration and the expiration to have influence, in a short period of time and with a maximum of efficacy, in the development of that capacity. The above leads to the Scientific Problem: How do we contribute to increment the vital capacity of the students of instruments of wind metal of the elementary level of Art's Vocational School “Olga Alonso González” of Villa Clara? They were Aims of investigation: Diagnosing the vital capacity in the pupils of instruments of wind-metal. Selecting the physical exercise for increasing of vital capacity. Evaluating the influence of physical exercise in the increment of vital capacity. In this investigation seven pupils participated of the elementary level and the three teachers which integrate Wind's Cathedra metal at Art's Vocational School “Olga Alonso González” of Villa Clara. The Methods used were the analysis and the synthesis, the deduction and induction, the documentary revision, the interview, the measurement, the experiment and the Rank Correlation Coefficient of Spearman. As Results, it was verified that, through the incorporation of physical exercise in students' general preparation, it was increased the vital capacity in those subjects that were investigated, this fact resounded positively in the technical execution of the instruments of wind-metal. Also it was verified the link that exists among the development of the muscles that they participate in respiration and vital capacity.
The vital capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after first filling the lungs to their maximum extent and then expiring to the maximum extent. In the general preparation of the instrumentalists of wind- metal, they make exercises of respiration (inspiration and expiration) for improving their vital capacity, but they do not practice physical exercise, directed to strengthen the muscles that participate during the process of the inspiration and the expiration to have influence, in a short period of time and with a maximum of efficacy, in the development of that capacity. The above leads to the Scientific Problem: How do we contribute to increment the vital capacity of the students of instruments of wind metal of the elementary level of Art's Vocational School “Olga Alonso González” of Villa Clara? They were Aims of investigation: Diagnosing the vital capacity in the pupils of instruments of wind-metal. Selecting the physical exercise for increasing of vital capacity. Evaluating the influence of physical exercise in the increment of vital capacity. In this investigation seven pupils participated of the elementary level and the three teachers which integrate Wind's Cathedra metal at Art's Vocational School “Olga Alonso González” of Villa Clara. The Methods used were the analysis and the synthesis, the deduction and induction, the documentary revision, the interview, the measurement, the experiment and the Rank Correlation Coefficient of Spearman. As Results, it was verified that, through the incorporation of physical exercise in students' general preparation, it was increased the vital capacity in those subjects that were investigated, this fact resounded positively in the technical execution of the instruments of wind-metal. Also it was verified the link that exists among the development of the muscles that they participate in respiration and vital capacity.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Ejercicios Físicos, Capacidad Pulmonar