Dinámica del ozono bajo la influencia de sprites
Fecha
2017-06-20
Autores
Prieto Torna, Luis Daniel
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
En la presente investigación se crea un modelo matemático que permite describir la dinámica de las concentraciones de ozono y los principales óxidos nitrosos que afectan su comportamiento en la mesosfera debido a un sprite. Para ello se consideran dos ecuaciones cinéticas de las reacciones químicas del ciclo de Chapman del ozono y dos ecuaciones del ciclo catalítico de destrucción del ozono por parte del NO y del NO2. Se implementa el modelo en el software Wolfram Mathematica 9.0 obteniéndose que al considerar una aproximación estacionaria el ozono tiene un incremento de hasta un 20% en aproximadamente 100 segundos después del sprite, pero al transcurrir 25 días desciende hasta los valores normales en la mesosfera. Mientras que una modelación dinámica, en la que se incluye la influencia solar, muestra un incremento de hasta un 64% del ozono, descendiendo hasta los valores normales en aproximadamente 20 días. Otro resultado es que el NO no presenta variaciones, pero el NO2 se incrementa un 10% hasta que se mantiene estable a los 25 días después del evento. Por último, se hace una comparación entre un sprite en condiciones de mediodía y otro de medianoche, resultando que a pesar de tener un comportamiento similar hay una diferencia en las concentraciones de ozono, siendo el diurno un 6% mayor.
In the present research a mathematical model is created which allows to describe the dynamics of ozone and the main nitrous oxides that affect its behavior in the mesosphere due to a single sprite. To do so, we consider two kinetic equations from chemical reactions of the Chapman cycle of ozone and two equations from the catalytic cycle of ozone destruction by NO and NO2. The model is implemented in Wolfram Mathematica 9.0, obtaining that when considering a stationary approach, ozone has an increase of up to 20% in approximately 100 seconds after the sprite. After 25 days, it descends to the normal values in the mesosphere. On the other hand, a dynamic modeling that includes the solar influence shows an increase of up to 64% of the ozone, decreasing to normal values in approximately 20 days. Another result is that NO has no variations, but NO2 increases by 10% until it is stable 25 days after the event. Finally, a comparison is made between a sprite in midday conditions and a midnight one, resulting that despite having a similar behavior there is a difference in ozone concentrations, with daytime being 6% higher.
In the present research a mathematical model is created which allows to describe the dynamics of ozone and the main nitrous oxides that affect its behavior in the mesosphere due to a single sprite. To do so, we consider two kinetic equations from chemical reactions of the Chapman cycle of ozone and two equations from the catalytic cycle of ozone destruction by NO and NO2. The model is implemented in Wolfram Mathematica 9.0, obtaining that when considering a stationary approach, ozone has an increase of up to 20% in approximately 100 seconds after the sprite. After 25 days, it descends to the normal values in the mesosphere. On the other hand, a dynamic modeling that includes the solar influence shows an increase of up to 64% of the ozone, decreasing to normal values in approximately 20 days. Another result is that NO has no variations, but NO2 increases by 10% until it is stable 25 days after the event. Finally, a comparison is made between a sprite in midday conditions and a midnight one, resulting that despite having a similar behavior there is a difference in ozone concentrations, with daytime being 6% higher.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Sprites, Dinámica del Ozono, Óxidos Nitrosos, Ozone Dynamics, Nitrous Oxides