Variaciones espaciales de las comunidades de lagartos diurnos en Loma de Cunagüa, Ciego de Ávila
Fecha
2017-12-07
Autores
Fundora Caballero, Daylon
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas.Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias.Departamento de Biología
Resumen
Una problemática común en nuestro país es conocer cómo influyen las variaciones del área y sus condiciones, en la distribución y abundancia de las comunidades de reptiles. El Refugio de Fauna Loma de Cunagua presenta dos variantes de Bosque Semideciduo (conservada y secundaria). Existen en el área 18 especies, de ellas 14 endémicos y dos subespecies endémicas, con predominio de lagartos diurnos; pero con ausencia de información del comportamiento de sus poblaciones de reptiles. Para este estudio se establecieron transectos en las dos variantes de bosque, donde se efectuó un muestreo mensual durante un año y se anotaron las especies y sus datos de hábitat y microhábitat. Se realizó una correlación de Pearson con los valores de riqueza de especies en cada variante de bosque para conocer la influencia del hábitat en la comunidad. Para identificar las tendencias de las variaciones comunitarias se utilizó un Análisis de Correspondencias. Las especies más representadas fueron Anolis sagrei y Anolis lucius. No obstante, todas son dependientes de las características del hábitat. Existe una correlación positiva entre la riqueza de especies y la variante natural, probablemente relacionado con la complejidad del hábitat. A mayor número de estratos a usar, mayor número de especies de reptiles. Además, la cobertura de dosel y la insolación son parámetros esenciales en la segregación de las especies. Lo anterior demuestra que la variante natural, por soportar mayores poblaciones, con abundantes endémicos, resulta el área de principal interés para la conservación de las comunidades de reptiles de Loma de Cunagua.
A common problem in our country is to know how the variations of the area and its conditions influence on the distribution and abundance of reptile communities. Loma de Cunagua Fauna Refuge presents two variants of Semideciduous Forest (preserved and secondary). There are 18 species in the area, of which 14 are endemic and two endemic subspecies, with predominance of diurnal lizards; but with absence of information on the behavior of their reptile populations. For this study, transects were established in the two forest variants, where a monthly sampling was carried out for one year and the species and their habitat and microhabitat data were annotated. A Pearson correlation was made with the species richness values in each forest variant to know the influence of the habitat in the community. A Correspondence Analysis was used to identify the trends of the community variations. The most represented species were Anolis sagrei and Anolis lucius. However, all are dependent on the characteristics of the habitat. There is a positive correlation between species richness and the natural variant, probably related to the complexity of the habitat. To the greater number of strata to be used, greater the number of reptile species. In addition, canopy cover and insolation are essential parameters in the segregation of species. This, demonstrates that the natural variant, because it supports larger populations, with abundant endemics, is the area of main interest for the conservation of the Loma de Cunagua reptile communities.
A common problem in our country is to know how the variations of the area and its conditions influence on the distribution and abundance of reptile communities. Loma de Cunagua Fauna Refuge presents two variants of Semideciduous Forest (preserved and secondary). There are 18 species in the area, of which 14 are endemic and two endemic subspecies, with predominance of diurnal lizards; but with absence of information on the behavior of their reptile populations. For this study, transects were established in the two forest variants, where a monthly sampling was carried out for one year and the species and their habitat and microhabitat data were annotated. A Pearson correlation was made with the species richness values in each forest variant to know the influence of the habitat in the community. A Correspondence Analysis was used to identify the trends of the community variations. The most represented species were Anolis sagrei and Anolis lucius. However, all are dependent on the characteristics of the habitat. There is a positive correlation between species richness and the natural variant, probably related to the complexity of the habitat. To the greater number of strata to be used, greater the number of reptile species. In addition, canopy cover and insolation are essential parameters in the segregation of species. This, demonstrates that the natural variant, because it supports larger populations, with abundant endemics, is the area of main interest for the conservation of the Loma de Cunagua reptile communities.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Lagarto, Reptiles, Ecología, Area Protegida, Herpetología