Análisis cuantitativo de riesgos tecnológicos en el manejo de sustancias peligrosas a nivel empresarial en Santo Domingo
Fecha
2019
Autores
Cárdenas Martínez, Saily
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial
Resumen
El potencial de accidentes industriales mayores, se ha incrementado de forma significativa con el aumento de la producción, almacenamiento y utilización de sustancias peligrosas. Esto ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de contar con un adecuado sistema de gestión de riesgos tecnológicos. En Cuba, actualmente, en aras de reducir el riesgo de desastres tecnológicos se desarrollan los estudios de Peligro, Vulnerabilidad y Riesgo (PVR) en su tercera fase, los que deben ser considerados en la implementación de las acciones preventivas. Estos estudios demostraron que en la provincia de Villa Clara el municipio de Santo Domingo constituye uno de los territorios de mayor nivel de riesgo. Con el objetivo de lograr una jerarquización de los diferentes escenarios de riesgos de todas las instalaciones que manipulan sustancias peligrosas existentes en el municipio y de esta manera contribuir al proceso de toma de decisiones se aplica la “Metodología para el análisis de riesgo tecnológico en el manejo de sustancias peligrosas” propuesta por Concepción Maure (2018). Esta constituye una novedad científica ya que soluciona las insuficiencias de las herramientas precedentes, al incluir herramientas de medición concretas y tener un enfoque sistémico de mejoramiento continuo. El procesamiento de los datos de la investigación se realiza con el software SIRT, facilitando el cálculo del IRT por los distintos niveles de análisis, la evaluación de los escenarios de riesgos y la presentación de los resultados.
The potential for major industrial accidents has increased significantly with the increase in production, storage and use of hazardous substances. This has shown the need for an adequate technology risk management system. In Cuba, currently, in order to reduce the risk of technological disasters, the Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk (PVR) studies are being developed in their third phase, which should be considered in the implementation of preventive actions. These studies showed that in the province of Villa Clara, the municipality of Santo Domingo is one of the territories with the highest level of risk. With the aim of achieving a hierarchy of the different risk scenarios of all the facilities that handle hazardous substances existing in the municipality and in this way contribute to the decision-making process, the "Methodology for the analysis of technological risk in the management of hazardous substances "proposed by Concepción Maure (2018). This constitutes a scientific novelty since it solves the shortcomings of the preceding tools, by including specific measurement tools and having a systemic approach to continuous improvement. The processing of the research data is done with the SIRT software, facilitating the calculation of the IRT by the different levels of analysis, the evaluation of the risk scenarios and the presentation of the results.
The potential for major industrial accidents has increased significantly with the increase in production, storage and use of hazardous substances. This has shown the need for an adequate technology risk management system. In Cuba, currently, in order to reduce the risk of technological disasters, the Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk (PVR) studies are being developed in their third phase, which should be considered in the implementation of preventive actions. These studies showed that in the province of Villa Clara, the municipality of Santo Domingo is one of the territories with the highest level of risk. With the aim of achieving a hierarchy of the different risk scenarios of all the facilities that handle hazardous substances existing in the municipality and in this way contribute to the decision-making process, the "Methodology for the analysis of technological risk in the management of hazardous substances "proposed by Concepción Maure (2018). This constitutes a scientific novelty since it solves the shortcomings of the preceding tools, by including specific measurement tools and having a systemic approach to continuous improvement. The processing of the research data is done with the SIRT software, facilitating the calculation of the IRT by the different levels of analysis, the evaluation of the risk scenarios and the presentation of the results.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Gestión de Riesgos, Estudios de Peligro, Vulnerabilidad y Riesgo (PVR), Riesgos Tecnológicos, Manejo de Sustancias Peligrosas, Santo Domingo, Villa Clara