Caracterización del control inhibitorio en atletas de deportes de combate de la categoria juvenil de Villa Clara.
Fecha
2013-06-21
Autores
Alvaredo Soria, Cecilia M.
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo caracterizar el control inhibitorio en atletas de deportes de combates de la categoría juvenil en la provincia Villa Clara. Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo basado en un paradigma cuantitativo, en el período comprendido de octubre 2012- abril 2013.
La muestra estuvo integrada por 140 adolescentes de ambos sexos, comprendidos entre los 15 y 18 años de edad, distribuidos en dos grupos: uno de estudio compuesto por los atletas y otro testigo constituido por adolescentes con características similares en cuanto a edad, sexo y nivel escolar pero no practican deportes sistemáticamente. Se utilizaron técnicas como: la entrevista semi- estructurada, la observación participante, el inventario de ira rasgo- estado STAXI, la escala de impulsividad de Barratt y la prueba de laboratorio para evaluar la movilidad de los procesos nerviosos.
Los resultados obtenidos se procesaron con el empleo del estadígrafo U de Mann Whitney y análisis de frecuencias incluidos en el SPSS versión 18.0. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos a favor de un mejor control inhibitorio en los deportistas, quienes aunque mostraron mayores niveles de impulsividad, reflejaron un mejor control de las interferencias, distribución de la atención, empleo de la memoria de trabajo y regulación de sus acciones. Los datos obtenidos indican que la práctica sistemática de deportes de combates favorece el control inhibitorio y manejo de la impulsividad. Se ofrecen conclusiones y recomendaciones que pueden resultar de interés para fortalecer el control inhibitorio y reducir los niveles de impulsividad en adolescentes, así como para el desarrollo de futuras investigaciones en este ámbito.
The present investigation has as objective to characterize the inhibitory control in athletes of sports of combats of the juvenile category in the Villa Clara country. She includes a descriptive study based on a quantitative paradigm, in the period of October 2012 - April 2013. The sample was integrated by 140 adolescents of both sexes, understood between the 15 and 18 years old, distributed in two groups: one of study composed by the athletes and another witness constituted by adolescents with characteristic similar as for age, sex and school level but they don't practice sports systematically. They were used technical as: the semi - structured interview, the participant observation, the Trait- State of Anger Inventory STAXI, the scale of impulsiveness of Barratt and the laboratory test to evaluate the mobility of the nervous processes. The obtained results were processed with the statistician's employment U of Mann Whitney and analysis of frequencies included in the SPSS version 18.0. they were significant differences between both groups in favor of a better inhibitory control in the athletes who although they showed bigger impulsiveness levels, they reflected a better control of the interferences, distribution of the attention, employment of the work memory and regulation of their actions. The obtained data indicate that the systematic practice of sports of combats favors the inhibitory control and handling of the impulsiveness. They offer conclusions and recommendations that can be of interest to strengthen the inhibitory control and to reduce the impulsiveness levels in adolescents, as well as for the development of future investigations in this environment.
The present investigation has as objective to characterize the inhibitory control in athletes of sports of combats of the juvenile category in the Villa Clara country. She includes a descriptive study based on a quantitative paradigm, in the period of October 2012 - April 2013. The sample was integrated by 140 adolescents of both sexes, understood between the 15 and 18 years old, distributed in two groups: one of study composed by the athletes and another witness constituted by adolescents with characteristic similar as for age, sex and school level but they don't practice sports systematically. They were used technical as: the semi - structured interview, the participant observation, the Trait- State of Anger Inventory STAXI, the scale of impulsiveness of Barratt and the laboratory test to evaluate the mobility of the nervous processes. The obtained results were processed with the statistician's employment U of Mann Whitney and analysis of frequencies included in the SPSS version 18.0. they were significant differences between both groups in favor of a better inhibitory control in the athletes who although they showed bigger impulsiveness levels, they reflected a better control of the interferences, distribution of the attention, employment of the work memory and regulation of their actions. The obtained data indicate that the systematic practice of sports of combats favors the inhibitory control and handling of the impulsiveness. They offer conclusions and recommendations that can be of interest to strengthen the inhibitory control and to reduce the impulsiveness levels in adolescents, as well as for the development of future investigations in this environment.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Control Inhibitorio, Adolescentes, Atletas, Deportes de Combates