Obtención de jarabes glucosados y su purificación, para su posterior conversión a jarabes fructosados
Archivos
Fecha
2018
Autores
Pérez Milian, Yisel
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Química Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
La conversión enzimática de glucosa a fructosa es un importante proceso industrial, en especial para la producción de jarabes de maíz de alto contenido de fructosa (HFCS). Su principal uso es en la industria alimentaria por su alto poder edulcorante para productos dietéticos y bebidas "light”. Por el alto costo del maíz, además de ser una materia prima de importación y por los trabajos realizados en la facultad con la Empresa GydeMa en la obtención de almidón y jarabes glucosados a partir de sorgo, se valora este cereal en la producción de jarabes de diferentes calidades. Una etapa muy importante en este proceso es la purificación del jarabe de glucosa, para evitar el envenenamiento de la enzima glucosa isomerasa, empleada en la conversión.
Se continuó el estudio de elaboración de jarabes de glucosa a partir de harina de sorgo, su purificación mediante tratamientos con carbón activado y resinas de intercambio iónico. Como resultados se obtuvieron jarabes de glucosa con calidad similar a los de jarabe de maíz, empleando las menores cantidades de enzima y tiempos de sacarificación, la utilización de la resina Amberlite MB150 resultó ser eficaz brindando un 94,14 % de remoción de sales disueltas, a partir del criterio de la capacidad de adsorción de la misma de 13780,88 mg absorbido/L de resina, se escaló la columna de intercambio iónico y se diseñó un reactor para la producción de jarabes fructosados ambos a nivel de planta piloto con una capacidad de 100L/día con un costo adecuado para esta capacidad.
Palabras claves: sorgo, jarabes glucosados, purificación, intercambio iónico, jarabes fructosados.
The enzymatic conversion of glucose to fructose is an important industrial process, especially for the production of high fructose corn syrups (HFCS). It’s main use is in the food industry due to its high sweetening power for dietetic products and "light" beverages. Due to the high cost of corn, as well as being an import raw material and for the work done in the faculty with the GydeMa Company in the obtaining of starch and glucosed syrups from sorghum, this cereal is valued in the production of syrups of different qualities. A very important step in this process is the purification of glucose syrup, to avoid the poisoning of the glucose isomerase enzyme, used in the conversion. The study of the elaboration of glucose syrups from sorghum flour, it’s purification by treatments with activated charcoal and ion exchange resins was continued. As results were obtained glucose syrups with quality similar to those of corn syrup, using the lowest amounts of enzyme and saccharification times, the use of Amberlite MB150 resin proved to be effective providing 94,14% removal of dissolved salts, based on the criterion of it’s adsorption capacity of 13780,88 mg absorbed/L of resin, the ion exchange column was scaled and a reactor was designed for the production of fructose syrups both at the pilot plant level with a capacity of 100L/day with an adequate cost for this capacity. Key words: sorghum, glucose syrup, purification, ion exchange, fructose syrups.
The enzymatic conversion of glucose to fructose is an important industrial process, especially for the production of high fructose corn syrups (HFCS). It’s main use is in the food industry due to its high sweetening power for dietetic products and "light" beverages. Due to the high cost of corn, as well as being an import raw material and for the work done in the faculty with the GydeMa Company in the obtaining of starch and glucosed syrups from sorghum, this cereal is valued in the production of syrups of different qualities. A very important step in this process is the purification of glucose syrup, to avoid the poisoning of the glucose isomerase enzyme, used in the conversion. The study of the elaboration of glucose syrups from sorghum flour, it’s purification by treatments with activated charcoal and ion exchange resins was continued. As results were obtained glucose syrups with quality similar to those of corn syrup, using the lowest amounts of enzyme and saccharification times, the use of Amberlite MB150 resin proved to be effective providing 94,14% removal of dissolved salts, based on the criterion of it’s adsorption capacity of 13780,88 mg absorbed/L of resin, the ion exchange column was scaled and a reactor was designed for the production of fructose syrups both at the pilot plant level with a capacity of 100L/day with an adequate cost for this capacity. Key words: sorghum, glucose syrup, purification, ion exchange, fructose syrups.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Sorgo, Jarabes Glucosados, Purificación, Intercambio Iónico