Obtención de biodiesel a partir del aceite de cachaza, residuo de la industria azucarera
Archivos
Fecha
2015-06-25
Autores
Martínez Torres, Rosania
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Cetral "Marta Abreu " de Las Villas
Resumen
Los aceites vegetales y sus derivados, especialmente los metilesteres, denominados biodiesel son los candidatos a convertirse en combustibles. Son competidores y brindan ventajas si se contrasta con los combustibles habituales. Al mismo tiempo proceden de fuentes renovables, reducen las emisiones de gases contaminantes, muestran un apropiado comportamiento en el funcionamiento de los motores diesel, economizan combustible y son un factor de desarrollo de la agricultura e industrias derivadas.
En el presente trabajo se realizó una revisión bibliográfica del tema, tratando de conocer en detalles la naturaleza, producción, perspectivas, limitaciones, ventajas y desventajas del biodiesel, así como diferentes características de las materias primas a utilizar.
Además, se llevó a cabo la adaptación de una metodología seleccionada en la literatura consultada a la obtención de biodiesel a partir del aceite extraído de la cachaza, residuo de la industria azucarera, el cual constituye un novedoso biocombustible alternativo que no tiene antecedentes en Cuba. Su producción y uso disminuye considerablemente los daños provocados al medio ambiente con respecto al empleo de combustibles convencionales.
Finalmente se caracterizó preliminarmente el biocombustible obtenido, determinándose su punto de inflamación, por ser este parámetro determinante a la hora de definir una mezcla como combustible.
The vegetal oils and their derivatives, especially metilester, denominated biodiesel are the candidates to become fuels. They are competing and they offer advantages if it is resisted with habitual fuels. At the same time they come from renewable sources, they reduce the polluting gas discharges, show an appropriate behavior in the operation of the diesel engines, they save fuel and they are a factor of development of agriculture and derived industries. In the present work a bibliographical revision of the subject was made, treating to know in details the nature, production, perspective, limitations, advantages and disadvantages of biodiesel, as well as different characteristic from the raw materials to use. In addition, the adaptation of a methodology selected in the Literature consulted to the obtaining of biodiesel from the extracted oil of the sluggishness was carried out, remainder of the sugar industry, which constitutes a novel alternative biofuels that does not have antecedents in Cuba. Its production and use considerably diminish the damages caused to the environment with respect to the conventional fuel use. Finally the obtained biofuels was characterized preliminarily, determining its flash point, being this determining parameter at the time of defining a mixture like fuel. ]
The vegetal oils and their derivatives, especially metilester, denominated biodiesel are the candidates to become fuels. They are competing and they offer advantages if it is resisted with habitual fuels. At the same time they come from renewable sources, they reduce the polluting gas discharges, show an appropriate behavior in the operation of the diesel engines, they save fuel and they are a factor of development of agriculture and derived industries. In the present work a bibliographical revision of the subject was made, treating to know in details the nature, production, perspective, limitations, advantages and disadvantages of biodiesel, as well as different characteristic from the raw materials to use. In addition, the adaptation of a methodology selected in the Literature consulted to the obtaining of biodiesel from the extracted oil of the sluggishness was carried out, remainder of the sugar industry, which constitutes a novel alternative biofuels that does not have antecedents in Cuba. Its production and use considerably diminish the damages caused to the environment with respect to the conventional fuel use. Finally the obtained biofuels was characterized preliminarily, determining its flash point, being this determining parameter at the time of defining a mixture like fuel. ]
Descripción
Palabras clave
Combustible., Mezcla, Biodiesel, Industria Azucarera, Residuos