La perfilación criminal en la investigación de los delitos de homicidio internacional
Fecha
2011-07-05
Autores
Fernández Surís, Maylín
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
La perfilación criminal es una herramienta de las Ciencias Forenses para la investigación y esclarecimiento de los delitos de homicidio intencional,partiendo del procesamiento de la evidencia psicológica. En la investigación se realiza un estudio observacional descriptivo de septiembrede 2010 a abril de 2011, en el Departamento de Medicina Legal y el Tribunal Provincial Popular de Villa Clara, para determinar las posibilidades que ofrece esta técnica en la investigación de los homicidios, utilizando los siguientes métodos: el análisis documental, la encuesta con énfasis en la entrevista, la observación y el estudio de caso único a partir de la revisión de documentos y la entrevista individual y grupal. Finalmente se arribó a las siguientes conclusiones: La preparación integral y multidisciplinaria del grupo investigativo sienta las bases metodológicas para la aplicación de las Ciencias Forenses en las investigaciones criminales, asimismo, lautilización de la perfilación criminal en las etapas de la Metodología de la Investigación de los delitos de homicidio aportaindiciosrelevantes, estrechando el círculo de sospechosos y esclareciendo el modo en que ocurrió el hecho, a estos fines la participación de psicólogos y psiquiatras debe comenzar desde el primer ataque, no sólo para determinar la capacidad de culpabilidad sino también para establecer la psicología del criminal y su víctima.Se hace necesaria la elaboración de una metodología estructurada y coherenteque organice los pasos a tener en cuenta para la correcta evaluación de la huella psicológica a los fines de contribuir al esclarecimiento de los delitos de homicidio intencional.
The criminal profiling is a tool of the Forensic Sciences for the investigation and clarification of the crimes of intentional homicide, leaving of the prosecution of the psychological evidence. In the investigation she is carried out a descriptive observational study of September from 2010 to April of 2011, in the Department of Legal Medicine and the Tribunal Popular Provincial of Villa Clara, to determine the possibilities that she offers this technique in the investigation of the homicides, using the following methods: the documental analysis, the survey with emphasis in the interview, the observation and the study of unique case starting from the revision of documents and the individual or group interview. Finally you arrived to the following conclusions: The integral and multidisciplinary preparation of the investigative group sits down the methodological bases for the application of the Forensic Sciences in the criminal investigations, also, the use of the criminal profiling in the stages of the Methodology of the Investigation of the homicide crimes contributes outstanding indications, narrowing the circle of suspects and clarifying the way in that happened the fact, to these ends the participation of psychologists and psychiatrists should begin from the first attack, it doesn't only stop to determine the capacity of guilt but also to establish the criminal's psychology and its victim. It becomes necessary the elaboration of a structured methodology and coherent that organizes the steps to keep in mind for the correct evaluation from the psychological print to the ends of contributing to the clarification of the crimes of intentional homicide.
The criminal profiling is a tool of the Forensic Sciences for the investigation and clarification of the crimes of intentional homicide, leaving of the prosecution of the psychological evidence. In the investigation she is carried out a descriptive observational study of September from 2010 to April of 2011, in the Department of Legal Medicine and the Tribunal Popular Provincial of Villa Clara, to determine the possibilities that she offers this technique in the investigation of the homicides, using the following methods: the documental analysis, the survey with emphasis in the interview, the observation and the study of unique case starting from the revision of documents and the individual or group interview. Finally you arrived to the following conclusions: The integral and multidisciplinary preparation of the investigative group sits down the methodological bases for the application of the Forensic Sciences in the criminal investigations, also, the use of the criminal profiling in the stages of the Methodology of the Investigation of the homicide crimes contributes outstanding indications, narrowing the circle of suspects and clarifying the way in that happened the fact, to these ends the participation of psychologists and psychiatrists should begin from the first attack, it doesn't only stop to determine the capacity of guilt but also to establish the criminal's psychology and its victim. It becomes necessary the elaboration of a structured methodology and coherent that organizes the steps to keep in mind for the correct evaluation from the psychological print to the ends of contributing to the clarification of the crimes of intentional homicide.
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Palabras clave
Derecho Penal, Criminología, Criminalística, Ciencias Forenses, Psicología Jurídica