Evaluación del Programa de Intervención Psicológica para el Autocontrol del Consumo Tabáquico en estudiantes universitarios
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2014-06-26
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Rangel Almaguer, Yicel
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La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el Programa de Intervención Psicológica para el Autocontrol del Consumo Tabáquico en estudiantes de la Universidad de Ciencias Pedagógicas de la provincia Ciego de Ávila. Se desarrolló en el período comprendido entre marzo y mayo del 2014. Se asume un paradigma mixto de investigación con alcance exploratorio-descriptivo; y un diseño pre-experimental de preprueba y posprueba con un grupo compuesto inicialmente por 15 estudiantes. El programa consta de cuatro etapas: en la primera se exploraron componentes del autocontrol de consumo tabáquico; se empleó un sistema de técnicas que fueron evaluadas cualitativa y cuantitativamente, para el análisis de los datos se emplea el paquete estadístico SPSS 20.0 para Windows, específicamente el análisis de frecuencia y test de Wilcoxon para muestras relacionadas. En un segundo momento, se procedió a la implementación del programa mediante 10 sesiones grupales articulando estrategias y técnicas variadas; orientadas al logro del autocontrol mediante la adecuación de la percepción de riesgo y fortaleciendo habilidades para el control del consumo; se evalúa el proceso y el progreso individual de los casos; evidenciándose que 7 estudiantes cesaron y 4 reducen el consumo considerablemente. En la tercera etapa, se evalúa la efectividad del programa y por último, se evalúa el seguimiento de los resultados alcanzados. Finalmente se ofrecen conclusiones y recomendaciones válidas.
The investigation had as its objective to evaluate the Programme of Psychological Intervention for the Self-control of the Consumption of Tobacco among students of the Pedagogical Science University of the province of Ciego de Avila. It was developed in the period of March to May 2014. A mixed paradigm was used with an exploratory – descriptive reach, and a pre-experimental design using pre and post tests with a group composed of 15 students initially. The programme consists of four stages: in the first components of self control of the consumption of tobacco were explored; a system of techniques were employed that were evaluated quantitatively as well as qualitatively, for the analysis of the data the Statistical Package (SPSS) version 20.0 for Windows was employed, specifically the analysis of frequency and the Wilcoxon test for related samples. In the second moment, the programme was implemented through 10 group sessions articulating various strategies and techniques oriented to gain self control through the adequate perception of risk and strengthening abilities for the control of consumption; in the individual evaluation of the process and progress of the cases it was found that 7 students ceased and 4 reduced their consumption considerably. In the third stage, the effectiveness of the programme was evaluated and finally the following up of the results obtained was evaluated. At the end of the investigation valid conclusions and recommendations are offered.
The investigation had as its objective to evaluate the Programme of Psychological Intervention for the Self-control of the Consumption of Tobacco among students of the Pedagogical Science University of the province of Ciego de Avila. It was developed in the period of March to May 2014. A mixed paradigm was used with an exploratory – descriptive reach, and a pre-experimental design using pre and post tests with a group composed of 15 students initially. The programme consists of four stages: in the first components of self control of the consumption of tobacco were explored; a system of techniques were employed that were evaluated quantitatively as well as qualitatively, for the analysis of the data the Statistical Package (SPSS) version 20.0 for Windows was employed, specifically the analysis of frequency and the Wilcoxon test for related samples. In the second moment, the programme was implemented through 10 group sessions articulating various strategies and techniques oriented to gain self control through the adequate perception of risk and strengthening abilities for the control of consumption; in the individual evaluation of the process and progress of the cases it was found that 7 students ceased and 4 reduced their consumption considerably. In the third stage, the effectiveness of the programme was evaluated and finally the following up of the results obtained was evaluated. At the end of the investigation valid conclusions and recommendations are offered.
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Autocontrol del Consumo, Percepción de Riesgo, Programa de Intervención Psicológica, Self Control of Consumption, Perception of Risk, Psychological Intervention Programme