Estrategia dirigida a potenciar la labor psicoeducativa en el Centro de Atención al paciente Diabético de Villa Clara
Fecha
2013-06-25
Autores
Nodarse Santos, Liset
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
La investigación se realizó con el objetivo de potenciar la labor psicoeducativa del Centro de Atención al Diabético de Villa Clara. Se llevó a cabo en el período comprendido entre febrero y mayo del 2013. La muestra quedó conformada por 10 especialistas vinculados al centro así como 40 pacientes distribuidos en cuatro grupos que recibieron atención en esa etapa. Se asumió un enfoque mixto cuanti-cualitativo, con un estudio de tipo exploratorio-descriptivo que quedó estructurado en tres etapas. Se utilizó un sistema de métodos y técnicas que
incluyen la observación, entrevista y revisión de documentos; así como cuatro instrumentos que fueron diseñados a los efectos de la investigación y aplicados como parte de su validación preliminar. Ellos fueron: Cuestionario para la evaluación de la Adherencia terapéutica y el Cuestionario de percepción de riesgo, en ambos casos para pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, así como la Encuesta dirigida a identificar expectativas y la de Satisfacción de los usuarios. Los datos fueron analizados con el paquete estadístico SPSS Versión 11.0, complementándose con la interpretación cualitativa de los mismos. Los resultados obtenidos a partir del diagnóstico de necesidades evidenciaron la pertinencia de potenciar la psicoeducación en este centro para fomentar una mayor adherencia terapéutica en dichos pacientes. Como principal aporte de la investigación se elaboró una Estrategia con diferentes acciones a nivel organizativo, metodológico y propiamente psioeducativas que responden a las sugerencias y necesidades identificadas. Finalmente se ofrecen conclusiones y recomendaciones válidas para los profesionales encargados de la atención de estos pacientes.
The research was conducted with the objective of promoting the psychoeducational work of the Diabetes Care Center of Villa Clara. Was conducted in the period between February and May 2013. The sample consisted of 10 specialists linked to the center as well as 40 patients divided into four groups that received at that stage. It assumed a mixed quantitative-qualitative approach, with a study of exploratory-descriptive was structured in three stages. Was used method system and techniques including observation, interview and document review, as well as four instruments that were designed to the effects of research and applied as part of its preliminary validation. They were: a questionnaire for the evaluation of therapeutic adherence and risk perception questionnaire, both for patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus as well as survey aims to identify expectations and Satisfaction of users. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 11.0, complemented by qualitative interpretation thereof. The results obtained from the needs diagnosis demonstrated the pertinence of promoting psychoeducation in this center to encourage greater adherence in such patients. The main contribution of the research was drew up a strategy with different actions at the organizational, methodological and properly psioeducativas levels responding to suggestions and needs identified. Finally, we offer conclusions and recommendations valid for the professionals responsible for the care of these patients.
The research was conducted with the objective of promoting the psychoeducational work of the Diabetes Care Center of Villa Clara. Was conducted in the period between February and May 2013. The sample consisted of 10 specialists linked to the center as well as 40 patients divided into four groups that received at that stage. It assumed a mixed quantitative-qualitative approach, with a study of exploratory-descriptive was structured in three stages. Was used method system and techniques including observation, interview and document review, as well as four instruments that were designed to the effects of research and applied as part of its preliminary validation. They were: a questionnaire for the evaluation of therapeutic adherence and risk perception questionnaire, both for patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus as well as survey aims to identify expectations and Satisfaction of users. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 11.0, complemented by qualitative interpretation thereof. The results obtained from the needs diagnosis demonstrated the pertinence of promoting psychoeducation in this center to encourage greater adherence in such patients. The main contribution of the research was drew up a strategy with different actions at the organizational, methodological and properly psioeducativas levels responding to suggestions and needs identified. Finally, we offer conclusions and recommendations valid for the professionals responsible for the care of these patients.
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Palabras clave
Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, Adherencia Terapéutica, Estrategia, Psicoeducación, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Therapeutic Adherence, Strategy, Pychoeducation