Propuesta de Guía Psicoeducativa para padres de niños que presentan disortografía
Fecha
2013-06-25
Autores
Martín Hernández, Anays
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
La investigación tuvo lugar durante el período comprendido entre enero y mayo de 2013, y tiene como objetivo: Elaborar una Guía Psicoeducativa para padres, que contribuya a mejorar la ortografía de los escolares de sexto grado de la escuela primaria “Carlos Caraballo”, del municipio de Cruces, en la provincia Cienfuegos. Se desarrolló bajo un paradigma de investigación mixto, bajo un enfoque principal cualitativo, apoyado en recursos cuantitativos; el tipo de estudio fue descriptivo no experimental. Se trabajó con ocho escolares y sus madres.
Se emplearon diferentes métodos: entrevista psicológica semiestructurada, observación, revisión de documentos, juicio de especialistas, criterio de usuarios, así como técnicas psicométricas que apoyaron la evaluación de los escolares. El análisis de la información obtenida se realizó a partir del estudio de casos múltiple diagnosticándose que las posibles causas de la disortografía de los escolares en estudio, radican en dificultades en procesos psicológicos y pedagógicos así como que sus padres poseen escasa preparación para apoyarlos en la mejora de la ortografía y no han recibido una orientación de carácter psicoeducativo para ello.
A partir de esta necesidad se elaboró la propuesta de Guía Psicoeducativa para padres, la cual fue evaluada mediante el juicio de especialista y el criterio de usuario realizando para ello un análisis porcentual, valorándose su asequibilidad y carácter orientador. Se concluye que la guía elaborada es pertinente a los objetivos propuestos. Por último se ofrecen recomendaciones con respecto a la implementación de la guía, a su validación y al desarrollo de futuros estudios.
This research was carried out during the period between January 2013 and May 2013, and it is aimed at drawing up a Psychoeducational Guide for parents in order to contribute to improve the orthography of sixth grade students at “Carlos Caraballo” primary school in the municipality of Cruces in the province of Cienfuegos. This research was developed under a mixed research paradigm and under a main qualitative approach and it was supported by quantitative elements. This descriptive study was done with the use of a non-experimental methodological design and a sample of eight students and their mothers. Some different methods were used while carrying out this research such as: semi-structured psychological interview, observation, document revision, specialist judgment, user criterion as well as psychometric techniques that supported the students’ assessment. The analysis of the obtained information was done according to a multiple case study. The results showed that possible causes of students’ orthographic mistakes lie on difficulties related to psychological and pedagogical processes, besides that the parents’ preparation to help the students to improve their orthography is not enough and that the parents have not received a suitable psychoeducational orientation to do it either. Starting from this necessity a Psychoeducational Guide for parents was proposed. This Guide was assessed according to specialist judgment and user criterion, therefore a percentage analysis was done, considering its accessible and counseling character. Coming to the conclusion that the present guide is appropriate. There are also recommendations for the guide implementation, its validation and for the development of future studies.
This research was carried out during the period between January 2013 and May 2013, and it is aimed at drawing up a Psychoeducational Guide for parents in order to contribute to improve the orthography of sixth grade students at “Carlos Caraballo” primary school in the municipality of Cruces in the province of Cienfuegos. This research was developed under a mixed research paradigm and under a main qualitative approach and it was supported by quantitative elements. This descriptive study was done with the use of a non-experimental methodological design and a sample of eight students and their mothers. Some different methods were used while carrying out this research such as: semi-structured psychological interview, observation, document revision, specialist judgment, user criterion as well as psychometric techniques that supported the students’ assessment. The analysis of the obtained information was done according to a multiple case study. The results showed that possible causes of students’ orthographic mistakes lie on difficulties related to psychological and pedagogical processes, besides that the parents’ preparation to help the students to improve their orthography is not enough and that the parents have not received a suitable psychoeducational orientation to do it either. Starting from this necessity a Psychoeducational Guide for parents was proposed. This Guide was assessed according to specialist judgment and user criterion, therefore a percentage analysis was done, considering its accessible and counseling character. Coming to the conclusion that the present guide is appropriate. There are also recommendations for the guide implementation, its validation and for the development of future studies.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Disortografía, Familia, Guía Psicoeducativa, Orthographic mistakes, Family, Psychoeducational Guide