Análisis del comportamiento de la etapa de fermentación alcohólica en la destilería ALFICSA
Fecha
2010-06-25
Autores
Cervantes Tellez, Yudelsis
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Editor
Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados del estudio realizado en la etapa de
fermentación alcohólica en la destilería ALFICSA con la finalidad de determinar los
principales parámetros cinéticos y a su vez la influencia del rendimiento de la
fermentación en la rentabilidad del proceso, así como analizar el modo en que se
encuentran operando los fermentadores. El trabajo comienza con una profunda revisión
bibliográfica que abarca aspectos relacionados con la producción de etanol y aspectos
relacionados con la cinética de la fermentación alcohólica, así como los primeros
aspectos relacionados con análisis de sistemas discontinuos. Se realizaron además los
balances de masa y energía en la etapa de preparación de mosto y fermentación, para
determinar así las corrientes principales del proceso. Se efectuó el diseño de los
fermentadores considerando la incertidumbre mediante el método de Monte Carlo,
utilizando para ello el Microsoft Excel y el Software Statgraphics Plus 4.1. Se realizaron
análisis a cinco de los fermentadores instalados en ALFICSA, con vista a determinar
los parámetros cinéticos y con ello la expresión de velocidad que describe el
comportamiento de los mismos por el modelo de Michaelis - Menten. Se deteminó la
influencia del rendimiento de la fermentación alcohólica en la rentabilidad de la planta.
Además aplicando los conceptos básicos de los procesos discontinuos se derminó el
tiempo total del proceso y el tiempo de ciclo, utilizando para ello el diagrama de Gantt.
In this work was shown results of the study carried out in the alcoholic fermentation stage in ALFICSA ethanol factory, with the purpose of determining the main kinetic parameters and in turn the influence of the fermentation yield in the process profitability, as well as to analyze the way that fermentator was operate. The work begins with a bibliographical review about the ethanol production and aspects related with the kinetics of alcoholic fermentation, as well as the first aspects related with analysis of discontinuous systems. They were also carried out the mass and energy balances in the must preparation stage and fermentation, to determine this way the main streams of process. The fermentator design was made considering the uncertainty applied Monte Carlo method, using for it the Microsoft Excel and the Statgraphics Plus 4.1 Software they were carried out analysis at five of the fermentadores installed in ALFICSA, with view to determine the kinetic parameters and with it the velocity expression that describes the behavior with Michaelis – Menten models. Also was determine the influence alcoholic fermentation yield in the profitability of the plant. Also by applying of basic concepts of the discontinuous processes was determine the total time of process and cycle time, using for it the Gantt diagram.
In this work was shown results of the study carried out in the alcoholic fermentation stage in ALFICSA ethanol factory, with the purpose of determining the main kinetic parameters and in turn the influence of the fermentation yield in the process profitability, as well as to analyze the way that fermentator was operate. The work begins with a bibliographical review about the ethanol production and aspects related with the kinetics of alcoholic fermentation, as well as the first aspects related with analysis of discontinuous systems. They were also carried out the mass and energy balances in the must preparation stage and fermentation, to determine this way the main streams of process. The fermentator design was made considering the uncertainty applied Monte Carlo method, using for it the Microsoft Excel and the Statgraphics Plus 4.1 Software they were carried out analysis at five of the fermentadores installed in ALFICSA, with view to determine the kinetic parameters and with it the velocity expression that describes the behavior with Michaelis – Menten models. Also was determine the influence alcoholic fermentation yield in the profitability of the plant. Also by applying of basic concepts of the discontinuous processes was determine the total time of process and cycle time, using for it the Gantt diagram.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Fermentación Alcohólica, Producción de Etanol, Ethanol, Consejo Popular de Covadonga, Destilería ALFICSA, Cienfuegos