Propuesta de un procedimiento de modelación de los procesos de estampado teniendo en cunta el efecto de "Springback"
Fecha
2014-07-20
Autores
Siverio Morales, Dayron
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
El presente trabajo recomienda un procedimiento para el análisis y la simulación mediante e software de elementos finitos Stampack del proceso de estampado teniendo en cuenta el efecto de “springback”. En el primer capítulo se hace una introducción a la teoría de los elementos finitos, se analiza las ventajas que tienen respecto a los métodos de cálculo tradicionales, se hace una introducción a la utilización de las computadoras para el cálculo y se establecen las etapas necesarias que se deben seguir para elaborar una simulación utilizando equipos computacionales y software basado en el método de los elementos finitos. En el segundo capítulo se hace un estudio de las fundamentos de la conformación plástica de la chapa metálica, se analiza las propiedades mecánicas de los materiales, se define la conformabilidad y se describen las herramientas que son necesarias para un proceso de estampado. En el tercer capítulo se hace un estudio de la teoría de la recuperación elástica de los materiales se establecen unas sencillas ecuaciones para determinar el factor de la recuperación elástica. Se define el límite de conformabilidad del material y se explica brevemente como se obtiene la curva límite de conformabilidad de la chapa metálica utilizando la técnica de la grilla circular. En el cuarto capítulo se explica la forma en la que se debe importar un archivo de un programa CAD hacia el software Stampack. Se describen las etapas de pre-proceso, cálculo y post-proceso del software Stampack como se crean las capas (layers) que servirán para crear las herramientas de la simulación del estampado, como se verifica que tenga un mallado conforme y se define e problema de estampado para posteriormente entrar en la etapa de introducción de los parámetros de cálculo del estampado y se describen los pasos para realizar la simulación de la recuperación elástica de una chapa metálica estampada. Finalmente se presentan las conclusiones y recomendaciones recopiladas durante el desarrollo de este trabajo.
This paper recommends a procedure for analysis and simulation using finite element software Stampack stamping process taking into account the effect of "springback". In the first chapter an introduction to the theory of finite elements is done, the advantages they have compared to traditional methods of calculation is discussed, an introduction to the use of computers for the calculation is done and the necessary steps are set to must be followed to develop a simulation using computational and based on the finite element method software teams. In the second chapter study the fundamentals of plastic forming of the sheet metal is made, the mechanical properties of the materials analyzed, formability is defined and the tools that are necessary for a printing process are described. In the third chapter a study of the theory of elastic recovery of the material is made, some simple equations for determining the elastic recovery factor. The limit of formability of the material is defined and briefly explains how the boundary curve of the sheet metal formability is obtained using the technique of circular grid. In the fourth chapter the way you want to import a file from a CAD software program towards Stampack explained. The steps of pre-processing, calculation and post-processing software Stampack described as layers (layers) that serve to create the simulation tools are created print, as is verified to have a mesh and is defined as the problem stamping and later enter the stage of introduction of the calculation parameters and print the steps for the simulation of springback of sheet metal stamped. Finally, conclusions and recommendations gathered during the development of this work are presented.
This paper recommends a procedure for analysis and simulation using finite element software Stampack stamping process taking into account the effect of "springback". In the first chapter an introduction to the theory of finite elements is done, the advantages they have compared to traditional methods of calculation is discussed, an introduction to the use of computers for the calculation is done and the necessary steps are set to must be followed to develop a simulation using computational and based on the finite element method software teams. In the second chapter study the fundamentals of plastic forming of the sheet metal is made, the mechanical properties of the materials analyzed, formability is defined and the tools that are necessary for a printing process are described. In the third chapter a study of the theory of elastic recovery of the material is made, some simple equations for determining the elastic recovery factor. The limit of formability of the material is defined and briefly explains how the boundary curve of the sheet metal formability is obtained using the technique of circular grid. In the fourth chapter the way you want to import a file from a CAD software program towards Stampack explained. The steps of pre-processing, calculation and post-processing software Stampack described as layers (layers) that serve to create the simulation tools are created print, as is verified to have a mesh and is defined as the problem stamping and later enter the stage of introduction of the calculation parameters and print the steps for the simulation of springback of sheet metal stamped. Finally, conclusions and recommendations gathered during the development of this work are presented.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Elementos Finitos, Mecánicas de los Materiales, Software Stampack, Método de Elementos Finitos